Database Develop

HTC Incredible S

Hi im from australia and i accidently wiped my phone and data but before that i had rooted the phone and well accidently deleted the OS cause my phone kept freezing on HTC anyway i need the RUU for my Htc but i keep getting error 140 and my phone is on RELOCKED so could anyone link a RUU for my phone Thank you

I believe that error means you are trying to run an old RUU.
You can download a new one from htcdev website I think.
Why don't you unlock your bootloader and just flash a custom rom?

oglocswagger said:
Hi im from australia and i accidently wiped my phone and data but before that i had rooted the phone and well accidently deleted the OS cause my phone kept freezing on HTC anyway i need the RUU for my Htc but i keep getting error 140 and my phone is on RELOCKED so could anyone link a RUU for my phone Thank you
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
eRadicant said:
I believe that error means you are trying to run an old RUU.
You can download a new one from htcdev website I think.
Why don't you unlock your bootloader and just flash a custom rom?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
What he said!!!!!!

oglocswagger said:
Hi im from australia and i accidently wiped my phone and data but before that i had rooted the phone and well accidently deleted the OS cause my phone kept freezing on HTC anyway i need the RUU for my Htc but i keep getting error 140 and my phone is on RELOCKED so could anyone link a RUU for my phone Thank you
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yep. I had the same issue. I wasn't able to install the original RUU.
Try Nik rom. It is very good, faster and fiable, better than the HTC RUU. You just need to unlock your phone through HTCdev, falsh the recovery and flash bootload, and then install the rom.
Take a look in this link (Nik rom): http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2153205

rodrijob said:
Yep. I had the same issue. I wasn't able to install the original RUU.
Try Nik rom. It is very good, faster and fiable, better than the HTC RUU. You just need to unlock your phone through HTCdev, falsh the recovery and flash bootload, and then install the rom.
Take a look in this link (Nik rom): http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2153205
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i installed it then i rebooted it and it goes back to recoverymod any suggestions ? thnaks

oglocswagger said:
i installed it then i rebooted it and it goes back to recoverymod any suggestions ? thnaks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Err... can you provide us with more info, like what recovery u were using? Did the ROM SUCCESSFULLY flash or did it give some error???

072665995 said:
Err... can you provide us with more info, like what recovery u were using? Did the ROM SUCCESSFULLY flash or did it give some error???
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
im using recovery-clockwork-5.0.2.0-vivo And heres a photo of the phone being installed [/ATTACH][/ATTACH]

oglocswagger said:
i installed it then i rebooted it and it goes back to recoverymod any suggestions ? thnaks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi did you flash the boot image? You need to flash it. The boot.img file is inside the ZIP file. Do you know how to flash it? If you want I can post you a step by step to do it.
Regards,
Rodrijob.

rodrijob said:
Hi did you flash the boot image? You need to flash it. The boot.img file is inside the ZIP file. Do you know how to flash it? If you want I can post you a step by step to do it.
Regards,
Rodrijob.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Umm nope lol could you please? Thank you!

Thank you all it worked

flash rom
oglocswagger said:
Thank you all it worked
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You' re welcome. Did you flash the rom Nik 3.0 (that one I put in dropbox?) Or the Nik 3.6?
I notice yesterday that the version 3.6 is draining power quickly.
The 3.0 version is better and works pretty good.

rodrijob said:
You' re welcome. Did you flash the rom Nik 3.0 (that one I put in dropbox?) Or the Nik 3.6?
I notice yesterday that the version 3.6 is draining power quickly.
The 3.0 version is better and works pretty good.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
omg yes the battery died in like 30 mintues of using it thanks ! i'll download the dropbox one

Rom Nik 3.0
oglocswagger said:
omg yes the battery died in like 30 mintues of using it thanks ! i'll download the dropbox one
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok, just download it and place it in the root of your sdcard device. Then with Rom manager (or in recovery mode with clockworkmod) choose option "Install Rom from SDcard", than chose the rom you placed in the SDcard and follow the instructions. I recomend a full wipe.
Finally flash the boot image with the boot.img file of this rom (I am attaching the file) and it's done. This rom works very well.

4.3 update messed up my phone

I have rooted HTC one google edition. I received a new official updated that I installed through twrp, after installation it told me that root access was lost and i could restore it by pressing restore root access option. Since then i cant get past the Google screen. My phone basically gets to Google screen then restarts, gets to Google screen and restarts. I tried factory reset, did not help. What should i do?

If you have a Google Edition rooted phone, it shouldnt have installed the OTA with a custom recovery installed. You'll likely have to use the RUU in the original dev thread. you'll want to backup your sdcard via adb cause the RUU will wipe everything.

Donjuanal said:
If you have a Google Edition rooted phone, it shouldnt have installed the OTA with a custom recovery installed. You'll likely have to use the RUU in the original dev thread. you'll want to backup your sdcard via adb cause the RUU will wipe everything.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I found this http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=39588860, but there is so many freaking links. Which one should i download for HTC one google edition?

sageyo said:
I found this http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=39588860, but there is so many freaking links. Which one should i download for HTC one google edition?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just use this, its either pre-rooted or unrooted, follow the instructions but being on a GE One you should already be all set to flash it.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2358781

Donjuanal said:
Just use this, its either pre-rooted or unrooted, follow the instructions but being on a GE One you should already be all set to flash it.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2358781
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just realized i cant even access my phone through my computer...What the hell is going on. So annoyed right now.

sageyo said:
I just realized i cant even access my phone through my computer...What the hell is going on. So annoyed right now.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You can't install an OTA through a custom recovery my friend. RUU is your best option right now.

dgtiii said:
You can't install an OTA through a custom recovery my friend. RUU is your best option right now.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
How am i supposed to use RUU if my computer wont recognize my phone in fastboot?

The RUU won't help anyway. It's not signed therefore will only install on s-off phone.

gunnyman said:
The RUU won't help anyway. It's not signed therefore will only install on s-off phone.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So what am i supposed to do now, phone stuck on google screen when booted. When i plug it in the computer i hear the sound but dont see the phone in my computer....stupid 4.3 update ****ed up my phone that worked perfectly fine.

sageyo said:
I just realized i cant even access my phone through my computer...What the hell is going on. So annoyed right now.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
sucks this happened
but is a prime example of the golden rule
READ READ AND READ AGAIN

CheesyNutz said:
sucks this happened
but is a prime example of the golden rule
READ READ AND READ AGAIN
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Is there anything i can do right now though?

sageyo said:
Is there anything i can do right now though?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
sadly i don't think so but im not 100% on this

sageyo said:
So what am i supposed to do now, phone stuck on google screen when booted. When i plug it in the computer i hear the sound but dont see the phone in my computer....stupid 4.3 update ****ed up my phone that worked perfectly fine.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
what does device manager say?
if it says something like QHUSB_Download mode, you're screwed, get it swapped out
if you can get to the bootloader, you can probably install a recovery again and install a stock 4.2.2 or 4.3 rom and get back up and running.

gunnyman said:
what does device manager say?
if it says something like QHUSB_Download mode, you're screwed, get it swapped out
if you can get to the bootloader, you can probably install a recovery again and install a stock 4.2.2 or 4.3 rom and get back up and running.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I can get to bootloader and i can also get to twrp. But the thing is i cant download anything to my phone because i cant access it through my computer, i hear the sound when i plug it in but i dont see the device in "My Computer"

Learned the hard way.
Your phone is not recognized, because you haven't updated your ADB and Fastboot files on your computer. Once, you do that.. You will need to download hboot 1.44 that gunnyman has in the 4.3 thread via RUU. After that is done find yourself, the RUU from whatever provider your phone is running under.. Ex: Dev or Tmo or ATT etc etc.. That should fix you up. I did this to my device once messing around with it.. But my problem also was with a locked boot loader that had 4 exclamation triangles on each corner.. No boot screen for start up even came up.. Just back to the boot loader of doom.
Sent from my HTC One using Tapatalk 2

sageyo said:
I can get to bootloader and i can also get to twrp. But the thing is i cant download anything to my phone because i cant access it through my computer, i hear the sound when i plug it in but i dont see the device in "My Computer"
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
do a factory reset in twrp. then reboot system. and DO NOT FIX ROOT when you reboot

sageyo said:
I can get to bootloader and i can also get to twrp. But the thing is i cant download anything to my phone because i cant access it through my computer, i hear the sound when i plug it in but i dont see the device in "My Computer"
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
then all is not lost. you're having either a driver issue or trying to use a usb 3 port or something like that.
boot to recovery
type adb devices
if it gives a number you can sideload a ROM.
download this rom http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2390346
it's stock rooted 4.3
sideload it in twrp
start the sideload mode in twrp
type adb sideload then the name of the rom. the rom will push to the phone and then install.
---------- Post added at 09:56 PM ---------- Previous post was at 09:55 PM ----------
luckylui said:
Learned the hard way.
Your phone is not recognized, because you haven't updated your ADB and Fastboot files on your computer. Once, you do that.. You will need to download hboot 1.44 that gunnyman has in the 4.3 thread via RUU. After that is done find yourself, the RUU from whatever provider your phone is running under.. Ex: Dev or Tmo or ATT etc etc.. That should fix you up. I did this to my device once messing around with it.. But my problem also was with a locked boot loader that had 4 exclamation triangles on each corner.. No boot screen for start up even came up.. Just back to the boot loader of doom.
Sent from my HTC One using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The guy has a STOCK Google EDITION phone no S-off or anything please don't confuse things

gunnyman said:
then all is not lost. you're having either a driver issue or trying to use a usb 3 port or something like that.
boot to recovery
type adb devices
if it gives a number you can sideload a ROM.
download this rom http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2390346
it's stock rooted 4.3
sideload it in twrp
start the sideload mode in twrp
type adb sideload then the name of the rom. the rom will push to the phone and then install.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i was just gonna link him to that thread. i think a factory reset *might* get it to boot tho. worth a try.

gunnyman said:
then all is not lost. you're having either a driver issue or trying to use a usb 3 port or something like that.
boot to recovery
type adb devices
if it gives a number you can sideload a ROM.
download this rom http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2390346
it's stock rooted 4.3
sideload it in twrp
start the sideload mode in twrp
type adb sideload then the name of the rom. the rom will push to the phone and then install.
---------- Post added at 09:56 PM ---------- Previous post was at 09:55 PM ----------
The guy has a STOCK Google EDITION phone no S-off or anything please don't confuse things
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
He obviously has some sort of thing going. It clearly states in his OP, FYI. That he "was" rooted "before" the update. Umm & if he can get into boot loader & TWRP Recovery... He still has a chance.
Sent from my HTC One using Tapatalk 2

He also said that he had a GE phone. Totally rootable

Deleted my OS, what a ****!

I know I'm stupid, please don't judge.....
So I have managed to delete my entire OS.
I was able to ASB Sideload an Android Revolution ROM, it goes through the install process but then it just gets stuck on the HTC One beats logo screen on reboot.
Then I messed about some more and ended up having to phone just keep rebooting into TWRP recovery.
Please somebody help me!!!!

What version twrp. 2.6.3.3 works best. After you flash recovery then fastboot erase cache and you should be able to boot into recovery
Sent from my HTC One using XDA Premium 4 mobile app

simmo0020 said:
I know I'm stupid, please don't judge.....
So I have managed to delete my entire OS.
I was able to ASB Sideload an Android Revolution ROM, it goes through the install process but then it just gets stuck on the HTC One beats logo screen on reboot.
Then I messed about some more and ended up having to phone just keep rebooting into TWRP recovery.
Please somebody help me!!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh man, this is a downward spiral your phone is stuck into... ;(

simmo0020 said:
I know I'm stupid, please don't judge.....
So I have managed to delete my entire OS.
I was able to ASB Sideload an Android Revolution ROM, it goes through the install process but then it just gets stuck on the HTC One beats logo screen on reboot.
Then I messed about some more and ended up having to phone just keep rebooting into TWRP recovery.
Please somebody help me!!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
check the FAQ sticky thread, if it hasn't been updated/moved the info would still be in the last post
(please remember to never post questions in the sticky, if you have more questions post back here)

nateboi81 said:
What version twrp. 2.6.3.3 works best. After you flash recovery then fastboot erase cache and you should be able to boot into recovery
Sent from my HTC One using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have version 7, another stupid mistake

nkk71 said:
check the FAQ sticky thread, if it hasn't been updated/moved the info would still be in the last post
(please remember to never post questions in the sticky, if you have more questions post back here)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok thanks, I am in comms with the OP to try and get help.

Ok so I have managed to downgrade my TWRP recovery to 2.6.3.3
Trying to sideload Android Rev 71. Will see how I get on this time as before I just got bootloop, I guess because I'm S-ON

simmo0020 said:
Ok so I have managed to downgrade my TWRP recovery to 2.6.3.3
Trying to sideload Android Rev 71. Will see how I get on this time as before I just got bootloop, I guess because I'm S-ON
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yep, so stuck on HTC One Beats Audio screen.
Any ideas where I can go from here?

simmo0020 said:
Yep, so stuck on HTC One Beats Audio screen.
Any ideas where I can go from here?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
1- you checked MD5 right?
2- did you wipe userpartition during installation?
3- how long did you wait?

nkk71 said:
1- you checked MD5 right?
2- did you wipe userpartition during installation?
3- how long did you wait?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's ok I have it booted up now.
Still I don't have the correct radios as I am only getting EDGE, can I flash a Radio being S-ON?

simmo0020 said:
It's ok I have it booted up now.
Still I don't have the correct radios as I am only getting EDGE, can I flash a Radio being S-ON?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes you can, but I doubt it's a radio problem, more likely you need to manually enter/add the correct APN settings for your carrier

nkk71 said:
yes you can, but I doubt it's a radio problem, more likely you need to manually enter/add the correct APN settings for your carrier
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have added the APN but still only EDGE.
I flashed Android Revolution 6.1 Google edition but that was stuck in a boot loop so went back to Android Revolution 71, I do not like this ROM.
Any more suggestions on the lack of HSPA connection?

simmo0020 said:
I have added the APN but still only EDGE.
I flashed Android Revolution 6.1 Google edition but that was stuck in a boot loop so went back to Android Revolution 71, I do not like this ROM.
Any more suggestions on the lack of HSPA connection?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Try the Stock Dump posted here
http://www.androidrevolution.org/downloader/download.php?file=One_5.11.401.10_odexed.zip

No homescreen after root.

1.st off thanks for the extremely helpful guides and taking the time to root this device because the copious amount of OE bloatware is horrible.
2.nd I rooted my 510 and now i have no "home" screen. I can view apps and settings and if i recieve a text i can view it by clicking the notification but if i hit home it goes straight to the google search menu?
I tried a factory reset and nothing.
Thanks in advance.

bdawg the third said:
1.st off thanks for the extremely helpful guides and taking the time to root this device because the copious amount of OE bloatware is horrible.
2.nd I rooted my 510 and now i have no "home" screen. I can view apps and settings and if i recieve a text i can view it by clicking the notification but if i hit home it goes straight to the google search menu?
I tried a factory reset and nothing.
Thanks in advance.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Are you running a stock rom or something else? It sounds like Sense isn't installed.

well i was on the stock ROM. but now i think i made the problem worse by trying to fix it. now it wont boot passed the HTC screen. SO i guess i need to try to load a factory boot image?

bdawg the third said:
well i was on the stock ROM. but now i think i made the problem worse by trying to fix it. now it wont boot passed the HTC screen. SO i guess i need to try to load a factory boot image?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah, if you've got TWRP installed I would flash a stock rom. CM11 is also usable minus the cameras.

dipspit said:
Yeah, if you've got TWRP installed I would flash a stock rom. CM11 is also usable minus the cameras.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do you have a stock Rom? I cant find one that works. I'm also a huge noob.

bdawg the third said:
Do you have a stock Rom? I cant find one that works. I'm also a huge noob.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Who's your service provider?

dipspit said:
Who's your service provider?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
boost. sorry i thought i posted that

bdawg the third said:
boost. sorry i thought i posted that
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=57042931&postcount=1 V2 Flash that in TWRP.

i get an "unable to open zip" error

bdawg the third said:
i get an "unable to open zip" error
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What all have you actually flashed or done to the phone? And this error is in TWRP and not fastboot right?

dipspit said:
What all have you actually flashed or done to the phone? And this error is in TWRP and not fastboot right?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thats the problem im not %100 sure. im pretty sure i have no OS currently flashed. and yeah the error is in twrp

bdawg the third said:
thats the problem im not %100 sure. im pretty sure i have no OS currently flashed. and yeah the error is in twrp
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
How are you getting the zip over to the phone? Use adb push or an external sd card. You might need to wipe (factory reset) in TWRP before you try and install.

Ok it opened the zip and says flashed successful. now its just sitting on the htc boot screen hmm

bdawg the third said:
Ok it opened the zip and says flashed successful. now its just sitting on the htc boot screen hmm
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sounds like a problem with boot. Do a factory reset in TWRP, flash http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=57174863&postcount=1 and then afterwards flash that ROM.
Download the zip in this post and adb push that file to your TWRP/BACKUPS/ folder and restore like that. I forgot the other ROM I had you flash required a previous backup to have been made.

nope still stuck on the htc boot

bdawg the third said:
nope still stuck on the htc boot
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I edited my post after posting. Did you try that?

dipspit said:
I edited my post after posting. Did you try that?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Im getting an unable to find partition for path error?

bdawg the third said:
Im getting an unable to find partition for path error?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Regarding http://forum.xda-developers.com/desire-510/development/virgin-sprint-htc-desire-510-stock-t2961521 , are you going about it this way?
There's not really a rom that you can flash without already having a backup. If all else fails you can fastboot oem lock and then run the Sprint 510 RUU from http://www.htcdev.com/devcenter/downloads

dipspit that last link did it! Thank you so much for your help. Ive learned my lesson about not making backups haha.

Updating TWRP using image file

Hello guys I'm trying to upgrade my TWRP as it's currently on v2.6.3.3. I have accidentally wiped the OS on my HTC M7 Unlocked UK model. I have been using ADB to push the files to the SD Card. I've already pushed the image file into the phone but I'm not sure how to install it like the zip files.
I've already tried installing ROM but I've had no luck stays stuck on HTC logo, I've even tried Nandroid 6.01 but the home screen wouldn't respond to touch.
My HTC has S-ON as I was unable to turn it off.
What are my options?
Thanks

kazimx said:
Hello guys I'm trying to upgrade my TWRP as it's currently on v2.6.3.3. I have accidentally wiped the OS on my HTC M7 Unlocked UK model. I have been using ADB to push the files to the SD Card. I've already pushed the image file into the phone but I'm not sure how to install it like the zip files.
I've already tried installing ROM but I've had no luck stays stuck on HTC logo, I've even tried Nandroid 6.01 but the home screen wouldn't respond to touch.
My HTC has S-ON as I was unable to turn it off.
What are my options?
Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why don't you use fastboot to flash a new recovery?

donkeykong1 said:
Why don't you use fastboot to flash a new recovery?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Man I feel stupid AF, thanks man I appreciate it.

kazimx said:
Man I feel stupid AF, thanks man I appreciate it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No problem [emoji4]

donkeykong1 said:
No problem [emoji4]
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It worked BTW after 2 days of struggling your post resolved my issue under an hour
Thanks again man.

the os is wiped out
donkeykong1 said:
Why don't you use fastboot to flash a new recovery?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i have similar problem, except i have no idea about the HTC, its the first HTC phone i touch and everything was messed up in it.
i have no data in it, and when i try to recovery it tells me that there is no file in the folder TWRP
thank you for your help in advance.

aalhada said:
i have similar problem, except i have no idea about the HTC, its the first HTC phone i touch and everything was messed up in it.
i have no data in it, and when i try to recovery it tells me that there is no file in the folder TWRP
thank you for your help in advance.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you go into recovery?

donkeykong1 said:
Can you go into recovery?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
when i go in recovery, i get some buttons, one of them is install, and when i go there and try to open the folder TWRP, it says that its empty.
is there another recovery?

aalhada said:
when i go in recovery, i get some buttons, one of them is install, and when i go there and try to open the folder TWRP, it says that its empty.
is there another recovery?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No, that's the one. Which version of TWRP do you have? When you enter recovery version number is displayed at the top of the screen

donkeykong1 said:
No, that's the one. Which version of TWRP do you have? When you enter recovery version number is displayed at the top of the screen
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
TWRP v2.6.3.3
and just to inform you that the person who was using this phone wiped out everything.

aalhada said:
TWRP v2.6.3.3
and just to inform you that the person who was using this phone wiped out everything.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I got that from your first post [emoji4]
Are you familiar with fastboot?

donkeykong1 said:
I got that from your first post [emoji4]
Are you familiar with fastboot?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have read a little about it this morning. but i really have no idea how everything work, this is my first HTC, and first android ever :$

aalhada said:
I have read a little about it this morning. but i really have no idea how everything work, this is my first HTC, and first android ever :$
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well, you need to set up fastboot and adb on your PC or laptop to get this sorted out, so I would sugest you to do some more reading and when you feel you got it, you will be browsing the internet on your phone in just few minutes [emoji6]

donkeykong1 said:
Well, you need to set up fastboot and adb on your PC or laptop to get this sorted out, so I would sugest you to do some more reading and when you feel you got it, you will be browsing the internet on your phone in just few minutes [emoji6]
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
do you know any links that would walk me through the steps in an easy way? for beginners?

aalhada said:
do you know any links that would walk me through the steps in an easy way? for beginners?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I can find them for you in few hours. I'm at work now, so I can't do it right now

donkeykong1 said:
I can find them for you in few hours. I'm at work now, so I can't do it right now
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
great, thank you.
and do you know where can i download a firmware for this HTC one m7?
and is there any risk that this might lock the phone?

aalhada said:
great, thank you.
and do you know where can i download a firmware for this HTC one m7?
and is there any risk that this might lock the phone?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'll give you everything you need when I get home, don't you worry [emoji4]

donkeykong1 said:
I'll give you everything you need when I get home, don't you worry [emoji4]
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks

aalhada said:
thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You have a PM