v2 Uploaded. Now includes uninstaller in the .zip file under "uninstaller" directory. This can be flashed in TWRP so it removes both the module
and everything Substratum writes in data (/data/system/theme and /data/resource-cache) hence providing you with a total clean slate in case
anything goes wrong. This is your reset button.
Of course you will have to reinstall the module before applying any new theme configuration. Failure to do so, Substratum WILL write in /system.
Uninstaller also available as a separate attachment on this post.
So this is the result of updating my device to Nougat and hating with a passion the white notifications which I find entirely unusable
The only way to theme the notifications is using a Substratum theme. If you're using a custom ROM with OMS support you're good to go
but for the rest of us with stock/TW etc ROMs you can only use Substratum Legacy mode on rooted devices which taints the system partition.
This module allows the use of Substratum themes in Legacy mode, without writing anything in /system.
Instructions:
1. Install module in Magisk and reboot.
2. Apply any Substratum theme.
3. Reboot.
In case of reflashing your ROM, as long as you don't wipe the data partition, the moment you reinstall Magisk, your theme will be automatically re-enabled.
Until the module is in the magisk repo, you can download the .zip and install from Magisk manager.
Github:https://github.com/Nodens-/systemless-substratum-legacy
This has only been tested on my own device, (Samsung S6 Edge+ 928F) running Stock Nougat.
It should work with any ROM and Themes which support the Legacy mode.
Deleted
Will it work in lineage os
user2k10 said:
Would this work on TW MM 6.01?
Sent from my SM-N910F using XDA Labs
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Has not been tested but it should.
Adhil Rahman said:
Will it work in lineage os
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Also not tested. If Lineage supports the Legacy mode then yes.
Basic rule of thumb. If Legacy mode works on your rom, this will allow you to use it without writing to /system.
Nodens said:
Has not been tested but it should.
Also not tested. If Lineage supports the Legacy mode then yes.
Basic rule of thumb. If Legacy mode works on your rom, this will allow you to use it without writing to /system.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Shows invalid zip format when flashing in twrp
Adhil Rahman said:
Shows invalid zip format when flashing in twrp
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hold on I'll attach tested .zip file on OP to simplify things.
Nodens said:
Hold on I'll attach tested .zip file on OP to simplify things.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Working perfectly.thanks for the module.now i dont have to reinstall themes after every firmware update.thank you very much.does it cause any problems to the changes that happens after firmware update
None whatsoever. Enjoy
Adhil Rahman said:
Shows invalid zip format when flashing in twrp
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you download the ZIP from GitHub, it creates duplicate empty folders. If you remove them, it'll work.
Sent from my Nexus 5X using XDA Labs
May I ask if this module will bring anything more than the Beta version of Substratum here ?
The Beta allows modification without root.
lahceneamine said:
May I ask if this module will bring anything more than the Beta version of Substratum here ?
The Beta allows modification without root.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Actually it has nothing to do with the beta functionality which allows you to theme NON-SYSTEM apps without root. You can't theme the notifications with the beta for example.
The module allows you to theme everything you can theme in Legacy mode. But without writing in system partition.
Nodens said:
Actually it has nothing to do with the beta functionality which allows you to theme NON-SYSTEM apps without root. You can't theme the notifications with the beta for example.
The module allows you to theme everything you can theme in Legacy mode. But without writing in system partition.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank You.
I'm gonna try it then
This module breaks SafetyNet Check in my phone ...
What about Xperia 7.0 devices
Will this work on TW Nougat ? THank you!
Kris Chen said:
This module breaks SafetyNet Check in my phone ...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Try using the module to theme apps then after reboot go back to core only mode, reboot and check SafetyNet again.
ytheekshana said:
What about Xperia 7.0 devices
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes it should work.
lonton said:
Will this work on TW Nougat ? THank you!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
As posted in OP, I specifically made and tested this on TW Nougat.
In the Oneplus 3 stock oos rom i can use substratum in legacy mode, with this i will be able to use themes on settings or android system?
I can confirm it working with LOS 14.1 with Substratum in legacy mode on OP3T with theme Swift Black. I had to choose "v7.1 OMS" in Swift Black's settings.
My notifications are beautifully black now.
couldn't get it to work in a custom stock TW MM 6.0.1 rom for my Note 4. i installed the module, substratum theme engine from the play store and a couple of themes. selected the system ui to be themed, but after a reboot there was no change. the rom is deodexed with a permissive kernel so i don't know what else could be the problem.
Related
Disclaimer: This is not my original work, I'm just sharing this from this original thread, all credits go to @objr and @adlx.xda
A brief description of the mod:
/system/addon.d is a folder in cm13 roms where you put scripts that should run when you flash a new version of the rom. SuperSU uses this feature to maintain root across OTA's. This mod has an addon.d script that backs up all the Xposed module files that were installed in the system prior to flashing, and restores them afterwards thereby securing Xposed support across dirty flashes.
I personally have tested this mod on my 2014818 and it worked flawlessly while upgrading from the official cm13 13'th May nightly to 16'th May nightly. For confirmation, I tested again today while flashing the 17'th May nightly and it still works as intended. The Xposed framework was still installed and the activated modules already running.
Install instructions:
Nothing complex, just flash the 81-Xposed-update-signed.zip file via recovery and you're good to go:good:
If you can't flash the file for some reason, download Xposed-manual.zip, extract the .sh file, move it to /system/addon.d and set permissions to -rwx-xr-x by any root file manager of your choice.
Will it work for Xposed v84 sdk 23?
Sent from my 2014818 using Tapatalk
Saurabh_Umadikar said:
Will it work for Xposed v84 sdk 23?
Sent from my 2014818 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah, that's what I tested on[emoji1]
Sent from my 2014818 using XDA-Developers mobile app
@topjohnwu has already released the Systemless Xposed Framework based on Magisk, an awesome universal systemless interface. But since official Xposed Framework is not compatible with MIUI, I am trying a hand on porting Xposed Framework for MIUI to Magisk with @SolarWarez's work.
At first I think app_process should be modified to adjust for magisk path detection. Fortunately, I found that app_process is the same as official release. So I have only a little work to do based on the work @topjohnwu has already done. Since I do not have a device running MIUI, I decide to upload it here to give it a test, although it should work.
Whether it works or not, please report!
Prerequisite:
Magisk is required to be installed on your device.
Magisk v8 - The Universal Systemless Interface
Support Devices:
Devices running MIUI with Magisk V7+
Downloads:
Like the original Systemless Xposed Framework, ARM/ARM64/X86 devices use the same flashable zip (X86-64 is being worked on)
As for system versions, please follow this:
Android 5.0: SDK21 Android 5.1: SDK22 Android 6.0: SDK23
Install Guide:
- Follow the instructions in Magisk thread to install Magisk
- Install Material Designed Xposed Installer instead of official Xposed Installer, official Xposed Installer will not detect the /magisk/xposed path.
- Make a nandroid backup
- Flash the compatible zip through a custom recovery
- Reboot and wait for the magic
- (For uninstallation) Remove the Xposed Magisk Module within Magisk Manager or flash the uninstall zip placed in Original Systemless Xposed Framework Thread
OTA:
It is reported that MIUI will verify the boot partition when applying OTA. So if you want to accept OTA, please flash the stock boot.img first.
Sources:
As I actually do not do any hex edit or decompile, and Xposed for MIUI is close-source, the zip you download is the source. But I want to place it here in case somebody wants it.
https://github.com/aviraxp/xposed_21_miui
https://github.com/aviraxp/xposed_22_miui
https://github.com/aviraxp/xposed_23_miui
Credits:
@rovo89 for creating the awesome Xposed Framework
@SolarWarez for making Xposed Framework compatible with MIUI
@topjohnwu for the amazing work on Magisk and Systemless Xposed Framework
All credits go to them.
If you just follow up the steps and encounter a bootloop/not working issue, please feel free to tell me. But since I am not a professional dev, what I can do is try my best to help you.
Reserved
Hi,
I'm very happy to see someone working on miui systemless. Thx for your job.
But I'm not sure to understand how to install all of this precisely. And I'm lost between Magic and Suhide.
Edit : I trying @MaArCiN074 files (link) without succes : http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=69242924&postcount=3162
MrOops said:
Hi,
I'm very happy to see someone working on miui systemless. Thx for your job.
But I'm not sure to understand how to install all of this precisely. And I'm lost between Magic and Suhide.
Edit : I trying @MaArCiN074 files (link) without succes : http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=69242924&postcount=3162
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Seems miui has its own su file. Try to delete /system/xbin/su in file explorer.
Now, I have proper installation rom (without root). I have just /system/bin/
Nothing in side
Bro tried on mi4w with miui 8 and its working perfect!!
Sent from my MI 4W using Tapatalk
saiyammorakhiya said:
Bro tried on mi4w with miui 8 and its working perfect!!
Sent from my MI 4W using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Very thanks for the report.
aviraxp said:
Very thanks for the report.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ur most wc! N thnk u
Sent from my MI 4W using Tapatalk
saiyammorakhiya said:
Bro tried on mi4w with miui 8 and its working perfect!!
Sent from my MI 4W using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do you have install surpersu v2.78 RC1 in systemless or just phh-superuser-magisk-r259?
perfect on mi4c with miui8,OTA not test,THX
Working great
MrOops said:
Do you have install surpersu v2.78 RC1 in systemless or just phh-superuser-magisk-r259?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just installed phh
Sent from my MI 4W using Tapatalk
Ok. Thx
Module xposed work but no root for my app like titanium backup, etc... :/
MrOops said:
Hi,
I'm very happy to see someone working on miui systemless. Thx for your job.
But I'm not sure to understand how to install all of this precisely. And I'm lost between Magic and Suhide.
Edit : I trying @MaArCiN074 files (link) without succes : http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=69242924&postcount=3162
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have done the same as in a first post (repacked original one with SolarWarez files), so if my version doesn't work for you, aviraxp's one shouldn't work too. The problem is related to different part, maybe Magisk or other framework, or you have made so many changes in android core. Maybe you can try to reflash MIUI and try again.
work fine on miui 8 mi4 lte
Guys...I need to know a thing about MAGISK.
I would install it on a stock dev china rom.
It has a partial root(I can't write on system partition)
Flashify works good to flash .img files (and maybe .zip files)
But, if I want to update OTA every week my rom, I CAN'T install twrp. (I have a redmi3, it has dm-verity and it cause a bootloop with original rom+twrp)
I want to know if I can install MAGISK zip with flashify, so I can use Xposed and ota updates withoit bootloop.
Thx @MaArCiN074 i Try this in two weeks. (I'm very busy )
Tested with phh supersu and automagisk. Installed material design Xposed apk. When I flash miui Xposed is telling me that can extract binaries and flash on my miui8. Help
Inviato dal mio Redmi Note 2 utilizzando Tapatalk
Hi, Ota fails, Mi5, MIUI8!!! Thx!
What about MM?
Any plans for Android 6.0? MIUI8 on Redmi Note 3 Pro (SD650)?
hello,
i used the xposed module "app settings" version 1.13 with android marshmallow before i updated to nougat. this module enables you to change DPI, font scale, locale, force fullscreen, persist in memory, etc. on a per app basis.
here is a link to the module:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/xp...2014-05-14-t2437377/post63835421#post63835421
i have not found any possibility to get this working on nougat as there is no xposed for nougat and it seems there is no more custom rom with these options.
is it possible to get this module working with magisk?
satand said:
hello,
i used the xposed module "app settings" version 1.13 with android marshmallow before i updated to nougat. this module enables you to change DPI, font scale, locale, force fullscreen, persist in memory, etc. on a per app basis.
here is a link to the module:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/xp...2014-05-14-t2437377/post63835421#post63835421
i have not found any possibility to get this working on nougat as there is no xposed for nougat and it seems there is no more custom rom with these options.
is it possible to get this module working with magisk?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Downgrade to marshmallow or write xposed for nougat. The first is easy, the second will make many people happy over here.
Sent from my ONEPLUS A3003 using Tapatalk
satand said:
is it possible to get this module working with magisk?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just to clarify on the above response: No.
Thanks Op, I also would love to have App Settings equivalent on Magisk or stand alone. Turns my 6.44" Mi Max into a desktop chrome browser almost
cobram3 said:
Thanks Op, I also would love to have App Settings equivalent on Magisk or stand alone. Turns my 6.44" Mi Max into a desktop chrome browser almost
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It would be just ultra hard to code that, or just impossible.
years ago (before xposed got famous) some custom roms (paranoid,...) had these functions.
i would go back to marshmallow only because of this missing features but there is no marshmallow rom for my new oneplus 5.
is it really impossible to get it working with magisk? the code itself (version 1.13) worked without any problems on marshmallow.
satand said:
years ago (before xposed got famous) some custom roms (paranoid,...) had these functions.
i would go back to marshmallow only because of this missing features but there is no marshmallow rom for my new oneplus 5.
is it really impossible to get it working with magisk? the code itself (version 1.13) worked without any problems on marshmallow.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You'll need to manually edit files and apps and Magic Mount them with Magisk. Alternatively you could possibly do some things with some cumbersome scripts. Magisk can't change code of running apps, just replace/add already modified files and run scripts at boot.
In other words: No, IMO it's not worth the extreme hassle and you won't get the same thing as you would with Xposed.
Didgeridoohan said:
You'll need to manually edit files and apps and Magic Mount them with Magisk. Alternatively you could possibly do some things with some cumbersome scripts. Magisk can't change code of running apps, just replace/add already modified files and run scripts at boot.
In other words: No, IMO it's not worth the extreme hassle and you won't get the same thing as you would with Xposed.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks for your answer!
do you have more information about these "cumbersome scripts"? maybe it would work with tasker and a script per app.
i would be very happy...i like my smartphone much more with these features.
satand said:
thanks for your answer!
do you have more information about these "cumbersome scripts"? maybe it would work with tasker and a script per app.
i would be very happy...i like my smartphone much more with these features.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I wasn't gonna open up that can o' worms, but since you brought it up... :laugh:
Look up how to work with shell scripts. Tasker can run those (among other things). You could probably do some stuff with the resetprop tool as well (look here for details and syntax).
Don't expect miracles though...
Didgeridoohan said:
You'll need to manually edit files and apps and Magic Mount them with Magisk. Alternatively you could possibly do some things with some cumbersome scripts. Magisk can't change code of running apps, just replace/add already modified files and run scripts at boot.
In other words: No, IMO it's not worth the extreme hassle and you won't get the same thing as you would with Xposed.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Didgeridoohan said:
I wasn't gonna open up that can o' worms, but since you brought it up... :laugh:
Look up how to work with shell scripts. Tasker can run those (among other things). You could probably do some stuff with the resetprop tool as well (look here for details and syntax).
Don't expect miracles though...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks...but that is too high for me
Do we have a petition to develop this form? hahaha
I would like to have app settings on magisk too. I just wanted to change the app local instead of globe settings.
bush911 said:
I would like to have app settings on magisk too. I just wanted to change the app local instead of globe settings.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
"App Locale 2" for Xposed can help you
And you can get Xposed systemlessly with Magisk.
Thank you so much for the advice.
My phone is 1st generation Pixel with latest android, mgaisk installed. I will try to figure it out.
daniel_m said:
"App Locale 2" for Xposed can help you
And you can get Xposed systemlessly with Magisk.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Anybody have a suggestion - I'm looking to change the dpi of chrome app (8.1) without Xposed
Maybe this could help
https://joyofandroid.com/change-screen-resolution/
What's the function of this module?
This module replaces current fonts of your phone.
Changes the default emoji font to the iOS 11.1 beta 2
Changes the default fonts to Pixel 2 Fonts with product sans fonts of Android Oreo 8.1 DP1 included
This module is not my personal work. But I use the fonts from the following thread:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/general/general/root-stock-emoji-fonts-ios-windows10-t3418801 by @RickyBush_
https://forum.xda-developers.com/apps/magisk/module-t3694333 by @dr.bathman
All thanks are given to them.
What's new in iOS 11.1 emoji:
https://blog.emojipedia.org/ios-11-1-emoji-changelog/
How to install?
Flash from TWRP
Or
Flash from magisk manager 5.3+
Compatibility?
Magisk 14.0+
Info: Tested on Redmi 3S with AEX ROM (Nougat based), emoji will works flawlessly on Android 7+ (you can use skin color and all characters in the emoji's font).
For earlier Android version please use emoji only Module (without font configuration), since font configuration in this module is for Android 7+.
DOWNLOAD:
iOS emoji + Pixel 2 Fonts (for Android 7.x +):
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1b20sIeXNxpUiH7AbPND_-NnbyT-YKk1r/view?usp=sharing
iOS emoji only (for Android 6.x or earlier):
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1K7jRVe4DK9meePoHxhFuamhCnUlwPr2Y/view?usp=sharing
iOS emoji only (for Samsung):
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qs4aORjn-mTNhlaTLZE1acL1CW10gmCI/view
Emojies working perfectly
Cheers
Sent from my OnePlus3 using XDA Labs
sorry for the noob question is this modules compatible withe MM (Android 6) Roms ? Magisk14.3 installed
tried this module with LG G3 (D855) Fulmics Rom MM (Android 6) Latest magisk 14.3 and system ui crashed and bootlooped
i hope if you can make modules for the updated emojes only without fonts maybe google fonts android nougat conflict or mismatch with android 6 mm
Working perfectly! Thanks
Do you have an uninstaller with this one? I flash it thru magisk and when i reboot all my magisk module is gone my device is samsung s6 stock nougat
Sent from my SM-G920F using Tapatalk
works great on Pixel 2, except for the lockscreen font.
needs to be uninstallable.
Can you create emojis module only without Pixel 2 font?
Sent from my A0001 using Tapatalk
Antidote03 said:
sorry for the noob question is this modules compatible withe MM (Android 6) Roms ? Magisk14.3 installed
tried this module with LG G3 (D855) Fulmics Rom MM (Android 6) Latest magisk 14.3 and system ui crashed and bootlooped
i hope if you can make modules for the updated emojes only without fonts maybe google fonts android nougat conflict or mismatch with android 6 mm
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just uploaded iOS emoji only. And it's compatible with MM.
iPusak Gaoq™ said:
Can you create emojis module only without Pixel 2 font?
Sent from my A0001 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Already added. Please see 1st post.
paul222008 said:
Do you have an uninstaller with this one? I flash it thru magisk and when i reboot all my magisk module is gone my device is samsung s6 stock nougat
Sent from my SM-G920F using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's magisk bug. If you encounter this bug please reinstall magisk installer via TWRP. And you'll get all of your Module back.
ajrty33 said:
works great on Pixel 2, except for the lockscreen font.
needs to be uninstallable.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just click delete module on magisk manager. And my module will gone (uninstalled). It's systemless BTW.
Or you may install emoji only, I gave the link in 1st post.
Emojis working perfecly on kenzo NOS 7.1.2! Thanks
working perfectly on redmi note 3....but honor 6x having weird symbols beside emojis..any fix bro ?
Is there a font module only?[emoji4]
Sent from my Mi A1 using Tapatalk
Installed this through magisk 14 on a moto g5s+ running stock nougat, and it looks like it's worked, but then it will display a different emoji to the one that you click. Anyone having this problem?
Edit. Actually, it seemed to be a problem with textra. Once I downloaded the textra ios emoji plugin it put them in the right order. Seemed to be working properly everywhere else.
This module won't install at all. I tried 3 separate times, even re installed Magisk completely. Here is recovery log.
UPDATE: There's a bug in the installer somewhere because if I flash it first then no other modules will install no matter if I flash magisk again in TWRP and if I instait last it just won't install period.
UPDATE 2: I tried another systemless font zip with pixel 2 fonts and it does the exact same thing so it maybe rooted to that somehow. Thanks again.
Noob question but i just rooted my pixel 2 using Magisk and the only reason for doing so was to install IOS emojis (since most people i message use apple phones its easier for me to understand them)
Previously i rooted my galaxy s6 and used emoji switcher from the play store to change the emojis. Afterwards i unrooted the phone since i was having issues with safetynet apps (i originally rooted with CF autoroot and supersu). Even though i unrooted my phone the IOS emojis remained and I was able to use my safetynet apps properly again.
After rooting my pixel 2, I had some issues with emoji switcher (emojis were cut off on gboard and too close together when typing) so i decided to try this module instead. Worked perfectly save for the lockscreen square as shown in a previous post. Since I dont require root for anything else, I was wondering if I unrooted through Magisk Manager (and restoring the stock boot.img) would this module uninstall itself as well? And would i have any issues with safetynet following the unroot?
I would prefer to keep the IOS emojis and was wondering if they would remain if I decide to unroot(since I assume the module simply overwrites the system fonts)
lucman11 said:
Since I dont require root for anything else, I was wondering if I unrooted through Magisk Manager (and restoring the stock boot.img) would this module uninstall itself as well? And would i have any issues with safetynet following the unroot?
I would prefer to keep the IOS emojis and was wondering if they would remain if I decide to unroot(since I assume the module simply overwrites the system fonts)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Magisk modules doesn't actually write anything to /system, so if you uninstall Magisk, you uninstall the mod.
You can of course use the root permission to overwrite the system fonts, but if you plan on unrooting and keep the modification, don't use a Magisk module.
Didgeridoohan said:
Magisk modules doesn't actually write anything to /system, so if you uninstall Magisk, you uninstall the mod.
You can of course use the root permission to overwrite the system fonts, but if you plan on unrooting and keep the modification, don't use a Magisk module.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok i used a root explorer to find the /system/fonts folder. I assume I would simply have to copy the .ttf files from the module zip into that folder? Or is there more steps to take?
Sorry for asking but i am fairly new rooting and my previous rooting experience was limited to following youtube guides and I'm still a bit unfamiliar with modifying system files.
lucman11 said:
Ok i used a root explorer to find the /system/fonts folder. I assume I would simply have to copy the .ttf files from the module zip into that folder? Or is there more steps to take?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That would do it, yes... Take whatever files you want from the module and copy to the corresponding location on your device. Just remember that you will not be able to update your device with OTA updates, since /system has then been modified. You'll have to do that manually with factory images.
Edit: you might have to change permissions for the files, but just make sure they match whatever other files are in the same folder and you should be good.
Updated the latest magisk and magisk apk as of 1/10/20 this morning. Im also using Pitchblack on oreo 8.1. The overlay for magisk apk does not work. Is there a work around for this. I contacted the Dev for Pitchblack and Swift black. They both said its magisk apk at fault. Any help or ideas to work around this? Thanks
StankFiss said:
Updated the latest magisk and magisk apk as of 1/10/20 this morning. Im also using Pitchblack on oreo 8.1. The overlay for magisk apk does not work. Is there a work around for this. I contacted the Dev for Pitchblack and Swift black. They both said its magisk apk at fault. Any help or ideas to work around this? Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The Magisk Manager is specifically designed not to be detected by other apps and processes, which in turn makes it practically impossible to theme. Not much to do about that...
There's a big rework of the Manager being done, and I believe it will have some theming features, but don't expect externally applied themes to work.
Didgeridoohan said:
The Magisk Manager is specifically designed not to be detected by other apps and processes, which in turn makes it practically impossible to theme. Not much to do about that...
There's a big rework of the Manager being done, and I believe it will have some theming features, but don't expect externally applied themes to work.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I reverted back to 7.4.1 beta for it to work with Pitch Black overlay.