Hi everybody
Im new here and to flahing new Roms and stuff.
i believe my phone is bricked and im struggling to get it opperational. Here is what happened...
I have a GT-N7000 on 4. 1. 2 Jelly Bean, which i rooted and flashed to custom ROM CynoganenMod 12 on 5. 0 Lollipop. All was going fine, i rooted my phone, installation went accordingly. After a week or so whithout any problems, my phone started to freez, slag and hang which it never did before, so i decided to flash it back on 4. 1. 2 Jelly Bean I did all as is step by step on Odin 3.-v1.8. When my booted, it booted into System Recovery...
reboot system now (I did)
apply update from ADB
apply update from external storage (I did)
wipe data/factory reset
wipe cache partion
apply update from cache
-----------------------------------------------
# MANUAL MODE #
-- Applying Multi-CSC. . .
E : All failed to mount and open in red ( Invalid argument )
Nothing seems to work, so when i pull out the battery but it back and press "Volume down, Menu and Power button it takes me to the screen with the Warning and yellow triangle where i can install a custom ROM...
Volume up : Continue
Volume down : Cancel ( restart ) (I did)
When i Volume up it takes me to...
ODIN MODE
CUSTOM BINARY DOWNLOAD : NO
CURRANT BINARY : SAMSUNG OFFICIAL
My problem is i have no clue what my PDA nor my CSC code is. Im from South Africa and not sure either which of these are correct.... XFV, XFC, XFM, XFA (im not network locked) so i dont know which firmware to flash with Odin to make my phone opperational again? Any help please guys.
Johan
Download Philz kernel in tar.md5 format and flash using Odin... Then try to boot into recovery. You should see cwm. Factory reset and flash a stock rom again.
nokiamodeln91 said:
Download Philz kernel in tar.md5 format and flash using Odin... Then try to boot into recovery. You should see cwm. Factory reset and flash a stock rom again.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have tried Phillz and did as you suggested. Im confident that i dont have the correct firmware. I downloaded this from Sammobile : N7000XXLSZ_N7000OJVLSB_N7000LSO_HOME.tar.md5.
Not sure how to go about this....
Doesn't matter what firmware you had.. Once you do a factory reset you can flash any rom made for the n7000
Were you able to get into Philz cwm recovery after you flashed the kernel?
Hi there.
I am happy to report that my phone is back to its original state. Phew, that wat too close for comfort.
I figured that it was obivously bricked or something close to it.
The problem was that i repartitioned it with the wrong PIT file and wrong kernel. Why i did that, i dont know? So i found firmware i thought would be the correct one! In its bricked state i copied the file superuser to my external, so can unzipit in CWM recovery. I download a file flashprogram Samsung N7000 +Pit. I then unzipped it and found the .Pit file which i flashed onOdin3 v1.85 at the same time with the firmware, have it repartitioned, and install the firmware.
It passed with success. Go Green!!! )
It booted to Philz recovery and installed the zip file superuser, took your advice then rebooted.
My phone switched on but a page came up where i had to give a password decrypting the device storage. Freaked out repeated the same prosesswith Odin and it started up normaly and suprised to see it restored to its original state* *smile*
*Just be carefull not to go flash the wrong stuff on your phone if your not sure what you are doing ( like i did! )*
I took your advice to heart and want to thank you for your expertieze. I learned alot from my phone the past 3days.
Regards.Johan
Related
During the past 3 days I did mess up my device. I tried several Lagfix and Custom Rom. Then I decided to flash my device back to the stock one. Because I did try Voodoo lagfix but don't like the way these lagfix modify kernel. So, I backup my data >> Factory Reset >> Flash
I use exactly same method I successfully did with my device month ago. I flash with
1. Odin 3 v1.0 , Repartition
2. PIT 512
3. CODE_I9000DXJG4
4. MODEM_I9000DXJG4
5. CSC_I9000DXJG4
After odin finish what it does, I got an "Error in /cache/recovery/csc_sec.zip (Status 7)"
Then stuck at Boot Screen. I tried to wipe cache by Recovery Mode. But, It didn't work out.
Any clues? Thx in advance
Update
It works now.
Problem? Wrong PIT file, need to use 513 instead. <<<< WHAT A STUPID MISTAKE
Guess I should return my Com-Sci bachalor degree.
Sorry for wasting forum thread.
My Galaxy Ace is stuck in a reboot loop after trying to flash 2.3.6 onto it, when it had 2.3.5 on it previously.
I've used ODIN and no matter what firmware I try to flash onto it, it just goes into a reboot loop.
Any idea how to fix it?
Did you try to do a wipe?
vkanamekuran said:
Did you try to do a wipe?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
A wipe worked! Thanks!
how to do a wipe please tell
mor1228 said:
how to do a wipe please tell
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
press down home button and then power on phone ...--> you will enter into recovery mode .
select wipe with help of volume keys and there you go out of bootloop
My Galaxy Ace is also in some sorta reboot loop.
Everything was working fine with it (phone is rooted and CWM installed) until I did a phone reset because I was giving the phone to my gf. After doing this the phone reboots, the blue samsung logo plays (without sound) and then repeats ad-infinitum. I can get into recovery mode and download mode ok and I've tried wipe and even restored a CWM backup (it says it was successful) but the phone just keeps rebooting. I can see the phone in odin but I've never tried to flash anything onto it and quite frankly I'm unsure whether it would just make things worse (if it needs to go back to Samsung for repair). Any help would be appreciated...
If you have cwm ..why dont you download some custom rom like cm7and flash it ..that would bring your phone back to life ...then you can downgrade to stock rom if you want ...and btw in cwm try cache partition , clear data /factory reset and clear dalvik cache ..see if it boots after you do this ..
Sent from my SGA rocking CM7.2 by vo-1 + all-in-one script
when i always flash by odin or by cwm i always do wipe , wipe cache and wipe dalvik, this helps me everytime
I managed to flash a firmware from samfirmware and it fixed the reboot.
Now my issue is when I connect to Kies, it says there's an updated firmware for the phone but it fails every attempt to install it. I went back to samfirmware and found this firmware: S5830ZSKPD ## but when I download and extract it there's only 1 x MD5 file and 1 x DLL file?! The other firmware had the 4 or 5 files needed to include in Odin... any ideas guys?
I think its a "one package file " ..I forgot the correct name but there is some option like that in odin ..dont worry it contains all the required files ..and if you are scared to do it then go to you tube ..there are many tutorials showing it then...
Sent from my SGA rocking CM7.2 by vo-1 + all-in-one script
rogers4759 said:
I think its a "one package file " ..I forgot the correct name but there is some option like that in odin ..dont worry it contains all the required files ..and if you are scared to do it then go to you tube ..there are many tutorials showing it then...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yep, that's exactly what it was, thanks again.
Unfortunately with this firmware, Kies doesn't recognise it and provides no info.
I flashed back to the older firmware... I'll just have to keep experimenting I guess.
for flashing with odin --> http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1225493
many people says, don't upgrade the firmware with KIES.
dianpadi said:
for flashing with odin --> http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1225493
many people says, don't upgrade the firmware with KIES.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well I could flash it with Odin if I had the firmware but I don't.
It appears it's not available on SamFirmware.com
Do you know where I can download the following firmware?
PDA:KPD / PHONE:KPD / CSC:KPC (THL)
Thanks
Lol I cant understand those firmwares ..can you tell me which version of android you want like 2.3.4/2.3.5/2.3.6 ...then ill be able to help you wanr
Sent from my SGA rocking CM7.2 by vo-1 + all-in-one script
Thanks anyway but I managed to find the firmware online and flashed it using Odin.
Now Kies says I'm using the latest which is a good start : )
Now I just need to find a way to root my SGS2 GT-I9100T
U can try a custom ROM from the Developer's forums here.
I also once stucked in the Reboot Loop..............
But then I installed a custom or if you want features from a official Rom, you can install Stock Based custom ROm from the Developer forums of Galaxy Ace. Really good Rom have been made by the developers
In the chance that someone else is looking for this latest OEM firmware update:
PDA:KPD / PHONE:KPD / CSC:KPC (THL)
It can be downloaded from: http://translate.googleusercontent....flgljh&usg=ALkJrhiMpHV83dugh4RGwhKpyjIrYIgn2Q
It is in "one part file" format and can be flashed using Odin.
whatever may be the problem ......just rem to keep a backup of ur previously used rom and just flash it with cwm...
Progress?
Sent from my GT-S5830 using xda premium
Read all the previous no way out loop boot
Hi every body
i have installed cwm, custum firmware, every thing goes ok
tryed to use simlock remover, no message, turned off the Galaxy Ace but after rebooting, a continuous loop boot, no acces to recovery, flashing on wath ever firmware version with odin success but on rebooting the loop is back, help please.
PS : while flasing with odin : "big partition size!!"
Hope you guys can help me.
Was updating my ICS (Criskelorom) to JB 4.1.2 XXLT6 ROM of Philz (PhilZ-cwm6-XXLT6-XSA-5.06.1.tar.md5) via Odin 3.07. Initially had some issues but, managed to get to where Odin resulted in a PASS. On REBOOT I only get up to the Samsung Galaxy GT-N7000 screen with a yellow ! triangle at the bottom. I was able to get to both Recovery and Download modes but would never get passed to homescreen and just stay on black screen.
Did it several times and got worried I'd brick my phone so I ran the ICS zip I had stored on my SD via Recovery mode and was able to get my phone running. Still want to pursue my JB upgrade though but, not sure if I was doing it right. Any help would be much appreciated guys.
Here is what I did...
MADE SURE OF THE FF.:
1) Install USB driver for Samsung Galaxy Note to transfer files between the phone and the computer using download of KIES from Samsung site
2) Enable USB Debugging Mode on the phone to connect the Android device with the computer
3) created a back-up of my contacts only
4) charged to above 80% battery charge
5) The phone should be factory unlocked and not locked to any particular carrier - I had unlocked it during my ICS upgrade from the GB original OS
THEN FOLLOWED THE STEPS:
Step-1: Download PhilZ-cwm6-XXLT6-XSA-5.06.1.tar.md5 for Samsung Galaxy Note to the computer
Step-2: Download Odin 3.07 which will help to install the root package on the phone. Extract the Odin zip to get Odin3 v3.07.exe file with some other files
Step-3: Place the Galaxy Note into Download Mode by pressing and holding Volume Down, Home and Power buttons together until a construction Android robot appears on the phone's screen. Now press the Volume Up button to continue to enter into Download Mode
Step-4: Run Odin3 v3.07.exe as an Administrator
Step-5: Connect the Note to the computer using USB cable while it is in the Download Mode. Wait for some time until Odin detects the phone. When the device is connected successfully, the ID: COM box in Odin will turn yellow with the COM port number. Also, the successful connection will be indicated by a message saying Added in Odin.
Note: If the Added message does not come then try another US port, try the one located at the back side of the computer. If Odin still fails to detect the device then re-install USB driver
Step-6: In Odin, click the PDA button and select the PhilZ-cwm6-XXLT6-XSA-5.06.1.tar.md5 file
Step-7: Now configure the Odin settings. Ensure that the Auto Reboot and F.Reset Time checkboxes are selected in Odin. As for the Re-Partition, uncheck the option
Step-8: Once everything is set, click the Start button in Odin. The installation should begin now and would take about few minutes to complete
Step-9: When the installation process is completed the phone will restart automatically. And soon a PASS message with green background will appear in the Odin indicating successful installation. After the home screen appears on the phone, unplug the USB cable from the device to disconnect it from the computer
Was able to reach Step-9 but my phone would not get to home screen.
Please help me with any advise anyone can give me?
thanks.
By the way, saw another option for Steps 5-6:
Step-5: Connect your Note N7000 with your PC using a data cable. Once the device is successfully connected, you will see a notification in Odin in the bottom left saying Added!! - if for some reason, you do not see the said notification, try another USB port. Also, check for ID:COM port being depicted by a number in yellow to make sure that you have successfully added your device.
Select the following files in Odin at their respective tabs from extracted XXLT6 firmware folder:
Step-6:
Click the PDA button to select the .tar file extracted earlier.
Click the Phone button, and select file with *modem* in its name (ignore, if this file does not file exist).
Next, click the CSC button, and select file with *csc* in its name (ignore, if this file does not file exist).
Click the PIT button to select the .pit file. (ignore, if this file does not file exist).
Ensure that Auto Reboot and F. Reset Time are the only options selected in Odin window. Also ensure to select Re-Partition checkbox only if you are using a .pit file.
Except since I only had the TAR file I ignored the rest so I assumed I was doing it right up to that point. Also, the YELLOW highlight in Odin 3.07, wasn't yellow but kind of light blue.
That was it. All I did. Still, not succesful.
Please help.
Thanks.
Phew! That's a lot to read.. The file you are trying to flash is just a kernel not a whole rom. That's why your phone after the flash has a JB kernel and ICS rom. That's why the phone does not boot. To upgrade to JB, download a stock rom from sammobile.com and flash it using Odin the same way just in PDA of Odin.
nokiamodeln91 said:
Phew! That's a lot to read.. The file you are trying to flash is just a kernel not a whole rom. That's why your phone after the flash has a JB kernel and ICS rom. That's why the phone does not boot. To upgrade to JB, download a stock rom from sammobile.com and flash it using Odin the same way just in PDA of Odin.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry about the read. =)
Was thinking I'd rather be complete than have anyone helping need to ask more clarifications to help me. =D
Oh that's why. Thanks for the reply. I will do that.
So I need to get the WHOLE ROM from the site you mentioned. A ROM that is complete, Kernel and all. Actually I thought I did get a complete ROM. Did not realize it was just a Kernel. What would be the best way to determine if a ROM is complete? What is usually the size of the file itself? The one I downloaded was like 8MB so I thought that was pretty big. Kinda looked for awhile for that XXLT6 original JB ROM so didn't stop to think if it was just a Kernel. My bad.
By the way, are the ROMs on Sammobile rooted? Or do I need to root them?
thanks again!
izmoothski said:
Sorry about the read. =)
Was thinking I'd rather be complete than have anyone helping need to ask more clarifications to help me. =D
Oh that's why. Thanks for the reply. I will do that.
So I need to get the WHOLE ROM from the site you mentioned. A ROM that is complete, Kernel and all. Actually I thought I did get a complete ROM. Did not realize it was just a Kernel. What would be the best way to determine if a ROM is complete? What is usually the size of the file itself? The one I downloaded was like 8MB so I thought that was pretty big. Kinda looked for awhile for that XXLT6 original JB ROM so didn't stop to think if it was just a Kernel. My bad.
By the way, are the ROMs on Sammobile rooted? Or do I need to root them?
thanks again!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
They are just stock roms, to root again use the philz kernel but for jb this time. Also use the .zip this time instead of tar file, you can flash the zip file from stock recovery itself. You can raed more in philz kernel thread
Sent from my GT-N7000 using Tapatalk
treacherous_hawk said:
They are just stock roms, to root again use the philz kernel but for jb this time. Also use the .zip this time instead of tar file, you can flash the zip file from stock recovery itself. You can raed more in philz kernel thread
Sent from my GT-N7000 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Got it, thank you Sirs you've all been a very big help. I ran into some issues with TW right after completing the install of 4.1.2. Every darn thing was stopping even acore and TW. Was about to chicken out and go back to my safety ICS ROM when I got to read some stuff about needing to Clear/Reset on Recovery mode after any firmware flashing as well as Clearing the Cache so I did. And voila, it worked. I think I'll rest my worrying brain for now on the root. =P
I'll root it next week. I'll just have fun with it for now. Been up playing around with this for over 24hours now. Having too much fun but already drained.
Thank you again for you help!
same situation here...!!!
hello XDA ppl...
I had ICS 4.0.4 and attempted to use PhilZ-cwm6-XXLTA-ATL-5.15.0.tar.md5.
That took me to the same situation I think... kernel for JB and ICS ROM...
I power on my phone and it gets to a GT-N7000 Note + Yellow Triangle screen and NO MORE!
I can get to PhilZ Recovery Mode or ODIN Download Mode.
That´s all...
I will attempt right now what you told the creator of this thread and update if it helped.
any help is welcome...
FIXED!!!
AWESOME!!!
My bot is back again!!!
Thanks a lot guys...
This thread worked as a charm. :victory:
1. Odin 3.0.X
2. Factory Firmware
3. Flash it as PDA.
4. No yellow triangle.
5. Removed battery and waited 5 seconds.
6. recovery mode.
7. clear data/factory reset.
Done!
---------- Post added at 03:33 AM ---------- Previous post was at 03:28 AM ----------
juliowong said:
AWESOME!!!
My bot is back again!!!
Thanks a lot guys...
This thread worked as a charm. :victory:
1. Odin 3.0.X
2. Factory Firmware
3. Flash it as PDA.
4. No yellow triangle.
5. Removed battery and waited 5 seconds.
6. recovery mode.
7. clear data/factory reset.
Done!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well... finally I am back to ICS.
Now gotta find a safe way to get it to JB.
juliowong said:
Now gotta find a safe way to get it to JB.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Safest way to get to JB with wipe (that is formatting) is to get philz kernel for ICS and then reboot to recovery do factory reset and wipe /system /data /internal storage /cache and then reboot to download mode and flash JB from odin. Else if you dont want to loose data, just boot into download mode and flash JB using odin.
juliowong said:
6. recovery mode.
7. clear data/factory reset.
Well... finally I am back to ICS.
Now gotta find a safe way to get it to JB.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah!! May be you want to start by not wiping on a stock ICS kernel.
Ok , step by step of what I did and where Im at now .
I got the Note 4 today . Played with stock firmware for a moment ( last running firmware was Anj7 baseband stock unrooted ) . Booted into download mode rooted with ch-root and checked nand erase all in Odin . I believe it erased the stock rom . Binary was changed to custom confirmed in download mode screen .
Then Flashed TWRP .
boot into TWRP when I try to wipe it says
cant mount /data cant mount anything basically and wipe fails because nothing will mount.
I try to install FireKat v5 rom and it says successful despite TWRP wont mount anything( is v5 anj? . Do I need to flash stock rooted before I can flash any other rom ? )
Reboot after install and it goes into a boot loop after boot screen transitions into boot animation .
So at this point I have no bootable rom . It doesnt appear anything will mount in TWRP for some reason .
And Im considering flashing sammo official ANJ rom to atleast get a working phone but I dont know what changes the bootloader version be it ch root or flashing a rom . And right now Im scared if the bootloader has changed and I try to revert to an older bootloader with the sammo official anj rom it could hard brick .
Im gonna need some serious advanced help here. I never done nothing like this mess before
Some_dude36 said:
Ok , step by step of what I did and where Im at now .
I got the Note 4 today . Played with stock firmware for a moment ( last running firmware was Anj7 baseband stock unrooted ) . Booted into download mode rooted with ch-root and checked nand erase all in Odin . I believe it erased the stock rom . Binary was changed to custom confirmed in download mode screen .
Then Flashed TWRP .
boot into TWRP when I try to wipe it says
cant mount /data cant mount anything basically and wipe fails because nothing will mount.
I try to install FireKat v5 rom and it says successful despite TWRP wont mount anything( is v5 anj? . Do I need to flash stock rooted before I can flash any other rom ? )
Reboot after install and it goes into a boot loop after boot screen transitions into boot animation .
So at this point I have no bootable rom . It doesnt appear anything will mount in TWRP for some reason .
And Im considering flashing sammo official ANJ rom to atleast get a working phone but I dont know what changes the bootloader version be it ch root or flashing a rom . And right now Im scared if the bootloader has changed and I try to revert to an older bootloader with the sammo official anj rom it could hard brick .
Im gonna need some serious advanced help here. I never done nothing like this mess before
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Let me try my noob expertise out lol...from what I know the only way to hardbrick is by using the wrong modem on your variant. So I think you have nothing to worry about. What you have is soft brick.
Download from sam mobile nj7 or nk4 firmware and reflash via odin. Hope this helps.
NOTE 12-10+2 ?
T LEONARDIS said:
Let me try my noob expertise out lol...from what I know the only way to hardbrick is by using the wrong modem on your variant. So I think you have nothing to worry about. What you have is soft brick.
Download from sam mobile nj7 or nk4 firmware and reflash via odin. Hope this helps.
NOTE 12-10+2 ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok im downloading nj7 right now . I think the problem I did was erasing nand when I did first root and it caused no partitions to be set.
What part of the root process was not clear. If you look online u will find step by step rooting video. Go back to stock and try again thru odin
BAD ASS NOTE 4
Just flash stock rom with Odin and start over. Don't do the crazy erasing step next time. These phones are hard to brick. I've honestly never seen one I couldn't fix.
Yes, in Odin you shouldn't be clicking anything other then the pda box to put the proper tar in. Which of you download the cf auto root zip. Then make a new folder on your desktop. Open the downloaded cf auto root zip. Then highlight and drag n drop all files/contents of your Cf auto root zip into the newly created folder on your desktop. From the newly loaded folder right click on Odin run as administrator. Once in there put your phone into download mode and hook it up via USB to your pc a blue box with the word Com and a number will pop up in the upper left. The number doesn't matter as long as it says Com and a number, this is odin's way of showing it recognizes your device. . Hit the pda tab it'll bring you to that folder with only one file showing. Double check it's named Tmo to insure you downloaded the correct one. Select it. Odin will automatically fill in the proper boxes.
Hit run and it should knock it out fairly quick.
If you have ANY QUESTIONS just follow this video tutorial to the T... How to Root the Samsung Galaxy Note 4: http://youtu.be/mdkLxNNLGiA
That's by QBKING77 He knows what he's doing. Let us know how it goes
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2957156
Hi!
I have installed TWRP and CM13 on my S5 mini (G800F), but i got many bugs and restarts, so i decided to go back to Stock ROM, unfortunatelly i cannot do this.
When i open Odin and try to install STOCK Rom from samsungmobile everything is good, till the and, when i got:
Write finished (filed)
<OSM> All threads completed. (succeed 0 / failed 1)
I tried on laptop and deskop using various USB port but everytime i get the same message.
And when i get the battery out and power on i get:
"firmware upgrade enountered an issue. Please select recoery mode in Kies and try again"
I tried to connet it with Kies in recovery odin mode but Kies does not recogenize it.
Then i need my phone so i decided to move back to CM this time i have installed the CM12, after using it, one day and having many restarst i tried one more to move to STOCK ROM. I downloaded the older verios of STOCK ROM then i had before. But i got the same messege.
Then someone tell mi to make full wipe, so using TWRP i done the full wipe, cache, data, system and internal storage/sd.
After wipeing internal storage i get only:
"firmware upgrade enountered an issue. Please select recoery mode in Kies and try again"
and cannot even install recovery via Odin any more, beacouse i get bugs ;/ ;/ ;/
as a result i cannot even use my phone with CM12/13.
1. Do You have any tips or solution of this problem?
2. How can I instal STOCK ROM or even CM?
3. Can I install the CM via Odin?
4. Do You have any other recovery for S5 mini G800F?
He there, sorry to hear you're having troubles with the phone. I experienced a similar problem and found that this worked:
Try and flash your stock firmware, when it fails, take out battery, put it back in and restart into recovery mode (stock recovery). From there, do a factory reset and wipe (not using Team Win Recovery Project, using the stock Recovery).
Now go back to odin and try flashing again.
Hope this helps...it worked for me.
Do this when error occurs after flashing stock firmware!
1. Flash stock firmware
2. Get error message
3. Remove battery and start in Recovery Mode
4. Flash hidden.img that you can extract of the stock file!
Quote from reddit.com:
If you've tried to flash firmware off of Sammobile, and had your heart stop when the flash fails, fear no longer.
To fix the soft brick:
Open the firmware file in winrar and extract the hidden.img. Rename it as hidden.img.tar.
Load the new file into the PDA tab, and flash.
When the phone boots, the displayed image will be touchwiz teal, there will be a little android and GALAXY spelt above it. Don't freak out.
Give it a minute and it should boot.
Hi, jest i did happend after flashing a stock firmware, but fortunatelly now it work.
How do i manage to fix it? I do not know. I just tried to flash it with a stock firmware one more time, and than tried to flash TWRP recovery via Odin. It get a fail. But the phone got power on, and it works till now !!!!
What was the problem? I have read that if you have the other CSC than XEO and want to flash the ROM with XEO CSC on S5 mini this problem occurs on many phone. Espesially on that from UK, so mine was.
thanks!!
Kuba