Related
hi this is my first post so please be gentle
i have just upgraded to the tytn 11 on orange and was very disappointed the fact it does not have the htc home page
is there any way only this could be added
and if so is there a dummy's guide on how to do it
help needed please
carlymart said:
hi this is my first post so please be gentle
i have just upgraded to the tytn 11 on orange and was very disappointed the fact it does not have the htc home page
is there any way only this could be added
and if so is there a dummy's guide on how to do it
help needed please
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well, there are a couple ways to go about this.
1. You can get rid of the entire built in software set, and flash a new ROM, like the stock HTC ROM. That will get you the stuff I think you were expecting. But that's not an easy thing to do. If you don't know what a ROM is or what flashing one is. I suggest you don't consider this idea.
or
2. you can try to install some of the stuff you expected piecemeal on top of your exisitng software. This works fine. It may not be the best way to go about it, but its certainly easier and safer. To do this, you can get alot of the software at this thread:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=332438
that is the stickied thread for "latest cabs". Cabs are installable programs. The one you most likely are lookign for is the HTC Home app. Its there. Download it, install it. There's also a configurator program that can be used also. Download and install that.
Hope that helps get you going.
thanks
i think i will just try the second idea
Probably a good idea...Also I just noticed the HTC Home Customizer isn't in that thread. It may have been removed since it's now got its own site. It's still free. You can download it fromhere:
http://www.pocketemu.com/download.html
I have the Orange TyTn ll and I have the HTC screen without having to flash the ROM. People have had problems when flashing the ROM's on Orange.
I am using the Kaiser_htc.home.v2.0.814.722.cab > Customisable home plug in found in the Collection of the Latest Cabs for kaisers Sticky post.
Without this site I would not have a clue about these things as I have only had mine for 10 days and its my first one!!
Thanks to all contributors to this site (However small)
Hi everyone,
I've got a Legend for a moment, and i'm trying to write some code for this baby. however, either the official android sdk provides the dev driver for Legend nor the HTC dev site.
I found there is a discussion related to it
ht tp://groups.google.com/group/android-developers/browse_thread/thread/2b54d2ce1202b04b/(i can't post links, plz fix it by yourself)
though it still doesn't work for me.
so are there anyone who know how to let it work as APD1&2&N1 under eclipse, could you please share your method, thanks a lot!
Is there a chance that the custom roms can be used in these china versions? I am tired of the blinkfeed screen and would like a custom rom installed to get rid of this. Not sure if these roms can be used without destroying 2 sim card support.
thanks.
just install a different launcher if you dont want blinkfeed
I'm not sure whether ROMs will work on your variant (but I'd guess that they would) but as long as you're rooted with a custom recovery installed then you could always try it and see if you can install them or not. Of course, just make sure that you make a backup beforehand so if anything goes wrong, you can make sure that you can recover your phone to a working state.
You don't actually need to install a custom ROM to get rid of blinkfeed though. If you take a look at Q12 on the HTC One FAQ, you'll see that there are 2 ways you can "get rid" of blinkfeed without needing to install a ROM.
*NOTE* As this is a question, you shouldn't have posted your thread in the development section. I've just asked a moderator to move your thread to the Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting forum. Please remember to use that section if you have any further questions.
Sent from my HTC One via XDA Premium
So far all 3 recovers in one forum can not be flahsed into One 802w. So there is no way to root it at this moment.
Not sure any recovery can be made for 802w or not.
i0e192 said:
Is there a chance that the custom roms can be used in these china versions? I am tired of the blinkfeed screen and would like a custom rom installed to get rid of this. Not sure if these roms can be used without destroying 2 sim card support.
thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
http://translate.googleusercontent....030950&usg=ALkJrhjc27z90mn7SW47Fhp2GClu9MdXxg
would this help?
i am looking forward to buy 802w too, because it has dual sim and sd card, my mom is in china, askng her to get one,
meanwhile i searched chinese forum for solutions to unlock
unlock is same. but root is not possible now since no workable recovery can use.
i0e192 said:
Is there a chance that the custom roms can be used in these china versions? I am tired of the blinkfeed screen and would like a custom rom installed to get rid of this. Not sure if these roms can be used without destroying 2 sim card support.
thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you can read Mandarin I would recommend trying out this site. It's probably the best and most reliable of the Chinese sites for custom Rom and rooting solutions for PRC specific devices: http://bbs.gfan.com/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=1257
Just want to Root and install Google Apps
Hi Guys Im not looking for a custom rom, but would like to be able to root my 802W so that I can install google apps.
Is there any known way to do this yet?
If there is a website in Chinese with instructions on how to do this, then please send me the URL, and hopefully my wife can translate as I try and step my way through.
Cheers:good:
HTC store app
kiwiandy said:
Hi Guys Im not looking for a custom rom, but would like to be able to root my 802W so that I can install google apps.
Is there any known way to do this yet?
If there is a website in Chinese with instructions on how to do this, then please send me the URL, and hopefully my wife can translate as I try and step my way through.
Cheers:good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi guys, those who have bought this phone, are you able write a short review of the phone? Especially how does the htc store app compare to google play? This would really help people like me who wants to buy the phone.
kiwiandy said:
Hi Guys Im not looking for a custom rom, but would like to be able to root my 802W so that I can install google apps.
Is there any known way to do this yet?
If there is a website in Chinese with instructions on how to do this, then please send me the URL, and hopefully my wife can translate as I try and step my way through.
Cheers:good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i have same problem i just want my apps back from play store and my sync with google contacts
if you find a way please tell me because i cant read Chinese
kiwiandy said:
Hi Guys Im not looking for a custom rom, but would like to be able to root my 802W so that I can install google apps.
Is there any known way to do this yet?
If there is a website in Chinese with instructions on how to do this, then please send me the URL, and hopefully my wife can translate as I try and step my way through.
Cheers:good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The poster above you posted a link to the Chinese HTC One forums. From what I can gather they have already rooted it and have Roms available. Maybe your wife can help you out with understanding it. I can't repost the link because my post count is too low but it is the bbs gfan URL above.
Cloudnines said:
The poster above you posted a link to the Chinese HTC One forums. From what I can gather they have already rooted it and have Roms available. Maybe your wife can help you out with understanding it. I can't repost the link because my post count is too low but it is the bbs gfan URL above.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ok thanks Cloudnines.. I will see what i can find
Cloudnines said:
The poster above you posted a link to the Chinese HTC One forums. From what I can gather they have already rooted it and have Roms available. Maybe your wife can help you out with understanding it. I can't repost the link because my post count is too low but it is the bbs gfan URL above.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am trying to follow the instructions here:
http://bbs.gfan.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=6174406
however I am a little confused, and this is too technical for my wife to understand.
I have translated the instructions using google.. as follows:
Get ROOT steps:
1, the root package copied to the root directory of built-in memory card
, mobile phone to enter CWM Recovery page
3, Phone Select-install zip from sdcard, press the power button to confirm
, select-Choose zip from sdcard, press the power button to confirm
5, the selection to SuperSU-root-V1.25.zip, press the power button to confirm
6-Yes - install superSu-root-v1.25.zip choose to press the power button to confirm
selection - ******* ** Go back *******, press the power button to confirm
, select - reboot system now press the power button to confirm the phone automatically restart can be
I have downloaded the files..
but the clockworkmod recovery files are not .zip files so cannot be flashed... they are .exe files.. but when i try and run them on my computer..i just get the gibberish as shown in the screen shot?....
are you able to help me with this please?
Once i get it figured out I will write up and make the files available for other english speaking 802W users.
ok ignore my post above... I have it all figured out now.. Im rooted, and google apps installed on my 802W
I will write up a separate how to Root 802W thread soon
kiwiandy said:
ok ignore my post above... I have it all figured out now.. Im rooted, and google apps installed on my 802W
I will write up a separate how to Root 802W thread soon
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Awesome man, can't wait to see your write up. Thanks for your hard work! :good:
Finally
Sent from my HTC 802w using Tapatalk 4 Beta
Bought my 802w in Shenzhen.China this week.
My friend owns a boot in.Shenzhen and made sure I have all Google tho vs and my phone is rooted.
Step 1.
Unlock your phone.
Step 2
Download on your computer.(untill 22 may)
https://www.wetransfer.com/downloads/96c0a09ad0207f62275f9d0272eb348720130508161700/4ec2da
Step3
Unzip and
Run the patch on your computer with connected phone. (Start up Rom.bat)
Have fun.
File name.
7_htc_one_802w_kingwolf_v2_root_life.zip
Sent from my HTC 802w using xda app-developers app
1lifeliveit said:
Hi guys, those who have bought this phone, are you able write a short review of the phone? Especially how does the htc store app compare to google play? This would really help people like me who wants to buy the phone.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The HTC store is absolutely useless. There are so many things that are not available on it. But if you bought this phone in China, then you have no choice as the Play Store and any Google services are banned. I had to install a custom tweaked ROM that had google services on it to enable everything again.
Hi there,
I just purchase HTC ONE M7 802W (china unicom version with 2 simcard)
But Since I Need google framework (google appslaystore, map, gmail, google contact etc etc etc more importantly, I live in Indonesia)
Then I guess I need to install the google apps into my HTC one.
The question is:
Is it possible to install the google apps without flashing
Rooted 802w from Shenzhen?
May you let me know if I could buy one from your friend in Shenzhen rooted?
I am very interested.
I've been trying to fix this for the last week. I tried to boot the SWITCH ROM to use google edition and sense. I'm stuck in Bootloop.
I've looked through a lot of threads, with no luck.
Phone boots up
I only get a black screen with the notification bar. Can't do anything with that.
I can access bootloader.
Re-flashing a ROM hasn't worked.
Wiping data/cache/delvik hasn't helped
The all-in-tool doesn't work. I have to type in all the commands myself.
Has anyone fixed their One from a bootloop, or know how to get it back to stock 1.31?
Thanks in advance.
huebenthal said:
I've been trying to fix this for the last week. I tried to boot the SWITCH ROM to use google edition and sense. I'm stuck in Bootloop.
I've looked through a lot of threads, with no luck.
Phone boots up
I only get a black screen with the notification bar. Can't do anything with that.
I can access bootloader.
Re-flashing a ROM hasn't worked.
Wiping data/cache/delvik hasn't helped
The all-in-tool doesn't work. I have to type in all the commands myself.
Has anyone fixed their One from a bootloop, or know how to get it back to stock 1.31?
Thanks in advance.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
First things first hopefully you read this reply better than you read the post about Switch Rom
About MoDaCo.SWITCH
MoDaCo.SWITCH is a unique ROM concept for the HTC One which allows you to have two ROMs on your device (Sense and Google Play Edition) but maintaining a single set of data that is shared between the two.
Switch has been in development for a while now and it is rather complex internally, so we will have a number of Beta phases where we are certain to find (and hopefully fix) any issues.
Pre-requisites
Switch is tested on a European WWE unlocked HTC One that was originally running the 2.24 ROM. S-OFF is recommended but not mandatory. S-OFF can be achieved using the revone utility.
NOTE: This ROM is for GSM devices only.
You need to RUU http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=44243635
Konfuzion said:
First things first hopefully you read this reply better than you read the post about Switch Rom
About MoDaCo.SWITCH
MoDaCo.SWITCH is a unique ROM concept for the HTC One which allows you to have two ROMs on your device (Sense and Google Play Edition) but maintaining a single set of data that is shared between the two.
Switch has been in development for a while now and it is rather complex internally, so we will have a number of Beta phases where we are certain to find (and hopefully fix) any issues.
Pre-requisites
Switch is tested on a European WWE unlocked HTC One that was originally running the 2.24 ROM. S-OFF is recommended but not mandatory. S-OFF can be achieved using the revone utility.
NOTE: This ROM is for GSM devices only.
You need to RUU http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=44243635
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the reply. I did not read through the SWITCH thread in great detail, which is of course on me. I will try this later when I have time. If it works, I'll spread the word to others.
huebenthal said:
Thanks for the reply. I did not read through the SWITCH thread in great detail, which is of course on me. I will try this later when I have time. If it works, I'll spread the word to others.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
NP good luck let us know how it turns out for you.
PM me your teamviewer information
http://teamviewer.com/download
Indirect said:
PM me your teamviewer information
http://teamviewer.com/download
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
BOY, you guys thank your lucky stars you have INDIRECT here, i'd say
Aldo101t said:
BOY, you guys thank your lucky stars you have INDIRECT here, i'd say
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yep indirect and bigdaddy deff the most helpful in the fourm!!
This Is My First Shot at making something for this device,so please bear with me.
This Is A Custom Stock ROM that has been debloated and slimmed down a bit to my personal liking.
ive used SuperR's Kitchen on Ubuntu to bring this to you guys.
i used Captain_Throwbacks Metro Base ROM as a starting point.
i will include my list of apps that i have removed in the second post.
i would suggest a factory reset and dalvik/ART wipe
as always,if your device explodes or stops working,i assume no responsibility for any damages or data loss.
flash at your own risk.
if anyone has any suggestions and/or input,please feel free.
im no developer,just taking a shot at this.
the goal is to remove as much bloatware as possible,whilst maintaining stability.
:highfive:
i added /data/app support as well as busybox & deodexed the ROM.
im currently uploading my first build to google drive and will share links shortly.
bear with me as i dont have the best internet connection.
DeZiREv5K
OP Updated with newer build.
Code:
6-14-16 build changelog
--Removed HTC Launcher(replaced with google now launcher)
--updated play store to latest version
--updated HTC Service pack to latest and integrated back into ROM(no longer needs Seperate download)
--attempted to add back the official metropcs device unlock app(Thanks [user=3100103]@sandix[/user] !)
6-16-16 build changelog
---removed google play launcher & replaced with nova launcher(issue with installment on first boot)
6-19-16 build changelog
-- changed ZIP compression method(v3 was too large)
This is A Flashable Zip,should flash in TWRP.
Special Thanks to the following folks:
@sandix for the continuous hard work in the forums here
@Captain_Throwback for his stock rooted metroPCS ROM.
@SuperR. for his Excellent Kitchen!!!
@nightbreed813 for his thread layout & list of modifications to his ROM
This Is My Bloat_Custom File that i edited by hand to suppliment in the kitchen.
these are all the apps/folders that were removed prior to building.
Code:
system/app/BasicDream*
system/app/Calculator*
system/app/CalculatorWidget*
system/app/Chrome*
system/app/Cloudex*
system/app/CloudPrint*
system/app/Drive*
system/app/DriveActivator*
system/app/Exchange3Google*
system/app/FaceLock*
system/app/Font_Helvetica*
system/app/Font_XinGothic*
system/app/Font_Yuen*
system/app/Gmail2*
system/app/GoogleTTS*
system/app/Hangouts*
system/app/HoloSpiralWallpaper*
system/app/HtcCarGps*
system/app/HtcBackupReset*
system/app/LiveWallpapaers*
system/app/HtcLogLevel*
system/app/HTC_Connect*
system/app/HTCZero*
system/app/IMEMurasuIndic*
system/app/IMEMurasuViet*
system/app/IME_TP_Basic*
system/app/IME_TP_ValueAdd*
system/app/Kidmode-google*
system/app/Maps*
system/app/MPCS_Blockit*
system/app/MPCS_Metro411*
system/app/MPCS_MyMetro*
system/app/NoiseField*
system/app/PhaseBeam*
system/app/Photos*
system/app/PrintStudio*
system/app/talkback*
system/app/YouTube*
system/priv-app/HtcDotMatrix*
system/priv-app/HtcFileManager*
system/priv-app/HtcDLNAMiddleLayer*
system/priv-app/MPCS_MetroAppStore*
system/priv-app/iCloudTransfer*
system/priv-app/MPCS_MetroZONE*
system/priv-app/MPCS_RSU*
system/priv-app/LMIRescue*
system/priv-app/Velvet*
system/priv-app/LMIRescueSecurity*
system/priv-app/HtcSoundrecorder*
system/priv-app/Twitter*
system/priv-app/MirrorLink_MirrorLinkService*
system/priv-app/MPCS_Lookout*
system/priv-app/PolarisOffice*
system/priv-app/Mail*
system/priv-app/HTCSpeakCyberon*
system/priv-app/Facebook*
system/media/audio/notifications*
system/media/audio/ringtones*
system/media/audio/alarms*
TO DO List:
edit updater script to change out rom title
check what works and what does not
(Possibly) remove More files/Free up more space
upload newer build as first one fail with status 7 in recovery.(assert error)
Check my build and compare to yours to see what can be removed. I'm sure you will find a lot more that can be done.
when will a working link be available? very excited for this rom
talking_llama said:
when will a working link be available? very excited for this rom
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i already uploaded a newer build,will update OP with working link.
@sandix ,thank you very much i definitely will do that!
worked for me, thank you!
sweet. finally a flashable rom for our metro variant. was debating on trying nightbreed's rom, as someone mentioned in that thread that they tried it and it worked. didn't want to kill the phone though as it is a daily driver. will report after using.
Ipoke Smot said:
sweet. finally a flashable rom for our metro variant. was debating on trying nightbreed's rom, as someone mentioned in that thread that they tried it and it worked. didn't want to kill the phone though as it is a daily driver. will report after using.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Let me know how it works out.also,if you have any suggestions feel free to throw them out here.
so i assume i have to install TWRP and flash this?
corrado85 said:
so i assume i have to install TWRP and flash this?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah it's required
Just looking at channel log I'm assuming this is still relevant. I'm on V3 and with some frustration (I don't have Wi-Fi and had to trick my 6yr old laptop to boot up) I got it running well.
As someone who has hard bricked smart phones since the xv6800, this is a first good go. Inspires me to start cooking my own roms.
Suggestion: A file browser would have made it so much smoother. No one with half a brain will ***** about es file explorer or root browser being cooked in. Fortunately bad habits inspired me to always backup original stock. Most people would've been screwed there. Dirty flash. Pdanet. Got it all up and going.
Keep up the good work. Look forward to any tweakings you find out of my league
Sincerely,
Satisfied end user
Sent from my HTC Desire 626s using Tapatalk
trekie4ever said:
Just looking at channel log I'm assuming this is still relevant. I'm on V3 and with some frustration (I don't have Wi-Fi and had to trick my 6yr old laptop to boot up) I got it running well.
As someone who has hard bricked smart phones since the xv6800, this is a first good go. Inspires me to start cooking my own roms.
Suggestion: A file browser would have made it so much smoother. No one with half a brain will ***** about es file explorer or root browser being cooked in. Fortunately bad habits inspired me to always backup original stock. Most people would've been screwed there. Dirty flash. Pdanet. Got it all up and going.
Keep up the good work. Look forward to any tweakings you find out of my league
Sincerely,
Satisfied end user
Sent from my HTC Desire 626s using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you for the input,much appreciated.also,i updated OP with a newer build that uses nova launcher as default and puts back a few apks that got cutout by mistake.
My phone got simlocked after trying this ROM. It's still locked even after restoring the nanodroid backup I made prior to flasing this ROM.
I'm not in the US sooo I am not using sprint.
Any advice?
Thanks
sgeto said:
My phone got simlocked after trying this ROM. It's still locked even after restoring the nanodroid backup I made prior to flasing this ROM.
I'm not in the US sooo I am not using sprint.
Any advice?
Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This ROM is based off of the original Stock MetroPCS USA variant,i didnt add anything that would potentially affect your simlock status.ive only removed stuff that was already there.
If youre not in the US and youre not using MetroPCS Variant of the phone,you shouldnt be flashing this ROM to be 100% honest.flashing incompatable firmwares across devices can sometimes lead to bricks.whats your Carrier and device?
sgeto said:
My phone got simlocked after trying this ROM. It's still locked even after restoring the nanodroid backup I made prior to flasing this ROM.
I'm not in the US sooo I am not using sprint.
Any advice?
Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
https://www.mediafire.com/?451vq4nmp7paz2a
i2andog said:
https://www.mediafire.com/?451vq4nmp7paz2a
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That APK will just crash,as the required lib files etc to accompany the APK are missing.
GotHeart said:
This ROM is based off of the original Stock MetroPCS USA variant,i didnt add anything that would potentially affect your simlock status.ive only removed stuff that was already there.
If youre not in the US and youre not using MetroPCS Variant of the phone,you shouldnt be flashing this ROM to be 100% honest.flashing incompatable firmwares across devices can sometimes lead to bricks.whats your Carrier and device?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I agree. It's very unusual.
I got this phone from a local phone shop. The owner seem to have unlocked the phone with some kind of service. I contacted my carrier who wrote down a couple of numbers from inside the phone (including the original phone number) and boom, I was able to use the phone with my number.
I have a theory about the error. Maybe you could see if that makes sense:
Maybe the phone isn't locked. But after a factory reset it keeps trying to "activate" the phone using the methods given by sprint.
There's this one step during the initial setup (right after factory resetting the phone) where it tries to register the phone, and fails. This step takes at least tem minutes and returns an error that locks up the phone.
I think the phone assumes that it's locked because it's not able to "reach" sprint servers and denies all incoming and outgoing calls/messages because of this.
If you know a way out of this please let me know.
Another user also provided me with an app that seems to be solving the issue. But it's not marshmallow compatible. Any ideas on that one as well?
Thanks a lot. And great debloating work you did there
---------- Post added at 05:37 PM ---------- Previous post was at 05:34 PM ----------
GotHeart said:
That APK will just crash,as the required lib files etc to accompany the APK are missing.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Please tell me more about this app. Cam it solve my issue?
Thx
sgeto said:
I agree. It's very unusual.
I got this phone from a local phone shop. The owner seem to have unlocked the phone with some kind of service. I contacted my carrier who wrote down a couple of numbers from inside the phone (including the original phone number) and boom, I was able to use the phone with my number.
I have a theory about the error. Maybe you could see if that makes sense:
Maybe the phone isn't locked. But after a factory reset it keeps trying to "activate" the phone using the methods given by sprint.
There's this one step during the initial setup (right after factory resetting the phone) where it tries to register the phone, and fails. This step takes at least tem minutes and returns an error that locks up the phone.
I think the phone assumes that it's locked because it's not able to "reach" sprint servers and denies all incoming and outgoing calls/messages because of this.
If you know a way out of this please let me know.
Another user also provided me with an app that seems to be solving the issue. But it's not marshmallow compatible. Any ideas on that one as well?
Thanks a lot. And great debloating work you did there
---------- Post added at 05:37 PM ---------- Previous post was at 05:34 PM ----------
Please tell me more about this app. Cam it solve my issue?
Thx
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Again,what is your Carrier?if youre using anything other than MetroPCS USA,you should not use this ROM.thats #1.#2 is if youre using sprint,you should get the RUU to return the phone to factory software,and i assume youre using sprint because our Metro devices havent gotten MM yet,and you mentioned it.
And yes,CDMA/Sprint phones will not work correctly if theyre not provisioned from the carrier correctly.so if the activation is failing,then youre not going to be able to use the device to send messages etc until its activated correctly.
Suggestion,try using nightbreeds MM ROM thats for those kinds of carriers.
GotHeart said:
Again,what is your Carrier?if youre using anything other than MetroPCS USA,you should not use this ROM.thats #1.#2 is if youre using sprint,you should get the RUU to return the phone to factory software,and i assume youre using sprint because our Metro devices havent gotten MM yet,and you mentioned it.
And yes,CDMA/Sprint phones will not work correctly if theyre not provisioned from the carrier correctly.so if the activation is failing,then youre not going to be able to use the device to send messages etc until its activated correctly.
Suggestion,try using nightbreeds MM ROM thats for those kinds of carriers.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh lesson learned. I'm from Yemen and my carrier is YemenMobile (CDMA). I don't know why but I assumed that the phone won't mind the ROM since it was kinda unlocked. SORRY.
The phone was saying Sprint when I bought it. I think I'm going to get back to factory and see if that does the trick. :-/
My extended apologies