Phone locked asking for alternate password - Galaxy S5 Mini Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

For some reason my Galaxy S5 mini (SM-G800) Android 4.4.2 is locked and asking for the alternate password instead of my fingerprint. I already restarted it, took of the battery, but it always goes to the same locked screen on boot.
I also tried the Android Device Manager on my google account. I tried the Lock option, changing the password, but since the phone was already locked, it is not working. By the way, the phone WiFi is on.
I searched a lot and found no solution besides resetting my phone and loosing everything or voiding the warranty flashing some recovery room. The are a lot of photos and stuff that I don't want to loose! So the reset is still not an option.
It seams so stupid that I own the google account registered on the phone, I own the fingerprint to login and I know everything is inside the phone, but I cant login! Any simple email account have a forget password option! Why the fingerprint login does not come back!?? Stupid programmers!!
Some sites says that after about 20 incorrect passwords tries it would give me an option to logging using my google account, but I already tried a lot of password and the only thing that happens is a wait 30 seconds countdown ! Where is that google account recovery options? Is it missing on Android 4.4.2?
Is there any way I can backup my data without voiding warranty?

Bro there are no 4.0.4 version for this device. It coming up with 4.4.2 and 5.1.1 versions

viddamusic said:
Bro there are no 4.0.4 version for this device. It coming up with 4.4.2 and 5.1.1 versions
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry, Ive fixed the question...

I really thought I would get some help here. This forum have so many advanced Android users, but not a single answer. That is sad... :crying:

Boy jst do as i say n u will get ur stuff as well as the media also
---------- Post added at 12:47 PM ---------- Previous post was at 12:39 PM ----------
Do as I say just open the recovery mode by pressing volume + menu plus power button when you will get there just see there is an option to backup ur stuff jst do the backup in sd card n thn reset ur phone so that it is unlocked once everything is set then again go to the recovery mode and then search for option they are available as restore data option select the option and your data will be in your phone again and u will b happy thn

abhishek2805 said:
Boy jst do as i say n u will get ur stuff as well as the media also
---------- Post added at 12:47 PM ---------- Previous post was at 12:39 PM ----------
Do as I say just open the recovery mode by pressing volume + menu plus power button when you will get there just see there is an option to backup ur stuff jst do the backup in sd card n thn reset ur phone so that it is unlocked once everything is set then again go to the recovery mode and then search for option they are available as restore data option select the option and your data will be in your phone again and u will b happy thn
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you for the help, but all I can see is:
Android system recovery <3e> ....
reboot system now
apply update from ADB
apply update from external storage
wipe data/factory reset
wipe cache partition
apply update from cache
Where is the backup option? :crying:

Is your phone rooted if yes do this reset your phone than download diskdigger app from play store n u will b able to restore your data again

No, it is not rooted. :/

Hey guys and gals,
just wanted to bump the OP. Same story here... In short: Only asks for alternate password, not for a print. Non-rooted phone...
I thought about the following (going on my S3 knowledge here... If S5mini is different please correct me):
I could flash twrp via Odin, boot directly into recovery and then (after backup) delete password.key under /data/system/
That would remove a pin/password lock for sure. But does someone know if that would also clear the alternate password to the fingerprint? Or is that stored elsewhere?
I'm pretty sure factory reset and restoring the backup would do jack because the fingerprint data and the alternate password must be stored in there.
Any ideas/knowledge are/is welcome except some mumbo jumbo restore app...

Alright people, who dares wins... I just tried to resolve this issue and it WORKED! :highfive:
Only downside: This will trip KNOX and void your warranty! But most people don't care, and so do I.
So for all who have this or a similar problem, here's what I did:
1) I took this TWRP version, flashed it via ODIN and removed the "auto reboot" option (this is to prevent the UNrooted system to overwrite the recovery again on boot)
2) The phone I had could not be booted to recovery directly from download mode (as can be done with my S3...), so I removed the battery, reinserted it and booted to TWRP via 3-button-combo
3) I renamed the following files via "TWRP->Advanced->File Manager" to make the system "unaware" of them (choose whatever renaming scheme you like):
/data/system/personalfingerprintpassword.key
/data/system/fingerprintpassword.key
4) I then rebooted to system normally and was greeted with the standard "swipe lockscreen". Done!
On a side note: I then went on to change the lockscreen method to PIN. In the settings it still said "fingerprint" as the current locking method. And when I tried to change that to PIN it asked for the fingerprint. So I swiped the finger - which was recognised - and I could ONLY THEN change the actual setting. So the actual fingerprint data must be stored somewhere else...

Related

Enter password to use encrypted device storage

I have a problem.
When installling TW Roms (latest ones) I get "Enter password to use encrypted device storage" - and no matter what passwords I try - it doesn't go further.
When I clean install other roms, it works.
Any Idea?
Search function doesn't work on this site, maybe there are some others with similar problems, hopefully it is curable!
Hae you ever used encryption or exchange or vpn?
Sent from my GT-N7000 using xda premium
lio02 said:
I have a problem.
When installling TW Roms (latest ones) I get "Enter password to use encrypted device storage" - and no matter what passwords I try - it doesn't go further.
When I clean install other roms, it works.
Any Idea?
Search function doesn't work on this site, maybe there are some others with similar problems, hopefully it is curable!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Have you encrypted your phone in the past or perhaps its secondhand?
Try formatting your sdcard + flashing a different kernel using odin and try again..
After trying everything in a similar scenario, I input the wrong password about 15 times on a TW-based ROM - then everything was deleted and it was fine
giatros said:
After trying everything in a similar scenario, I input the wrong password about 15 times on a TW-based ROM - then everything was deleted and it was fine
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried didn't work. Although mine is stock rom. ANy update on this OP
xaragen said:
I tried didn't work. Although mine is stock rom. ANy update on this OP
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What happened when you did that?
giatros said:
What happened when you did that?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Nothing kept on saying try again.
I went into recovery (stock recovery) and did factory reset and wipe cache. Still the same screen.
xaragen said:
Nothing kept on saying try again.
I went into recovery (stock recovery) and did factory reset and wipe cache. Still the same screen.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you persist enough times? After some point there is a timer that you can't try for a couple of minutes and then a countdown...
giatros said:
Did you persist enough times? After some point there is a timer that you can't try for a couple of minutes and then a countdown...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
after reboot I am still trying. Will update if it gives me anything other then try again.
I do not remember setting up any encryption. Though I did at some point used exchange but deleted that account after a while. So when I updated nothing was on it no passwords.
---------- Post added at 04:23 PM ---------- Previous post was at 03:54 PM ----------
Yeah no luck. I lost count as to how many time I tried again. It remained the same.
I can only suggest installing the xperia-sized ROM by AminX..... this is the one that let me reset.
Sent from my GT-N7000 using xda app-developers app
SOLVED.
Ok guys just a quick update. I haven't had time and forgot about this thread but here's what I did and I am posting here so that somebody in same situation could benefit. I created a note to self in past and found it.
"In case I ever get that annoying Encryption message.
Do the following:
1) For this method to work you must have access to SDcard or internal memory.
2) If you dont have access, make sure you have Superuser file on any type of Memory (internal or external).
(On the sidenote I will always keep that in internal as well as external card from now on.)
3) Fire up Odin - Install Clockwork Recovery in PDA - Do Not Check reset time.
4) START....
5) Install zip from sdcard... superuser
a) it will fail first time with error code 0.
b) do it again (dont worry about that).
6) Fire up odin again.
7) Rename the MD5 i717 file to TAR. (see NOTE)
8) PDA that ****.
9) START and wait....
10) PASS you're done. Thank PAST ME...!!!! "
NOTE : Now I think this will work for other devices than just I717. You must get a stock rom TAR for your device. Dont get the latest but the one before latest.
After booting is complete and the device no longer asks for passcode. Go into security settings of the device. Then Setup a password lock for your device. Make sure its password lock and is at-least 8 characters. NOTE DOWN THAT PASSWORD
REBOOT.
Device will ask for password to unclock, Enter it and then go to security settings again and disable password unlock it or simply set it to slide.
Make sure you have NOT enabled any device Administrators in security settings. Most commonly people with exchange accounts on phone have that.
After this you can flash the any ROM you intend to flash (On stock rom it will still appear.) and if that encryption screen comes up use the password you setup previously.
Again I cant guarantee this will work for individual devices but yeah It worked for me and my friends device (both i717). Its now a goto method to get rid of it.
xaragen said:
Ok guys just a quick update. I haven't had time and forgot about this thread but here's what I did and I am posting here so that somebody in same situation could benefit. I created a note to self in past and found it.
"In case I ever get that annoying Encryption message.
Do the following:
1) For this method to work you must have access to SDcard or internal memory.
2) If you dont have access, make sure you have Superuser file on any type of Memory (internal or external).
(On the sidenote I will always keep that in internal as well as external card from now on.)
3) Fire up Odin - Install Clockwork Recovery in PDA - Do Not Check reset time.
4) START....
5) Install zip from sdcard... superuser
a) it will fail first time with error code 0.
b) do it again (dont worry about that).
6) Fire up odin again.
7) Rename the MD5 i717 file to TAR. (see NOTE)
8) PDA that ****.
9) START and wait....
10) PASS you're done. Thank PAST ME...!!!! "
NOTE : Now I think this will work for other devices than just I717. You must get a stock rom TAR for your device. Dont get the latest but the one before latest.
After booting is complete and the device no longer asks for passcode. Go into security settings of the device. Then Setup a password lock for your device. Make sure its password lock and is at-least 8 characters. NOTE DOWN THAT PASSWORD
REBOOT.
Device will ask for password to unclock, Enter it and then go to security settings again and disable password unlock it or simply set it to slide.
Make sure you have NOT enabled any device Administrators in security settings. Most commonly people with exchange accounts on phone have that.
After this you can flash the any ROM you intend to flash (On stock rom it will still appear.) and if that encryption screen comes up use the password you setup previously.
Again I cant guarantee this will work for individual devices but yeah It worked for me and my friends device (both i717). Its now a goto method to get rid of it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
After trying this method for a few hours it turns out that I had to downgrade, only after that there was an override on the encryption password requirement. Just in case you don't mind reinstalling evrything.

HELP!! Lockscreen Password Issue

I was at a convention this weekend and when i arrived i had to turn in my phone since they are not allowed. I normally use pin or pattern lock to secure my phone but i decided to try password lock for more security. Well the password that used which i had to confirm before it locked i am typing it over and over exactly the same way i typed it when i turned it on but it is not going through.
I am using Knoxraid V 5.6 JB rom
I am able to access recovery through the power menu
I would like to find a way to unlock my phone without having to resetting my phone and loosing all my data. I use my phone heavily for work and will loose important info that could cost me $$$...
If resetting is the only the way to fix this then i will have to do it but was wondering how exactly i have to go about doing that..
Can i just go back into recovery select wipe 3x and reboot
or do i have to reflash the phone by going into recovery (not sure if i still have safe strap installed) selecting the file and then flashing on stock rom slot..
T.I.A.
EDIT: would any of these options actually work ?
http://en.miui.com/thread-5684-1-1.html
found this
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2620456
and i am going to attempt the first option and flash the zip only thing is that in recovery i dont get the option to flash a zip i only get the option to update from ADB
update through zip on external storage and option to reboot
??

TWRP asking for password

Hello, when I TWRP it asks for a password to decrypt data and if I don't input the password it won't let me access the emulated sdcard. I've never put any password though =/
Is there any way to restore twrp without flashing the stock image/wiping data?
Please search next time...
The password is as follows: (type or exactly as written below)
default_password
Pilz said:
Please search next time...
The password is as follows: (type or exactly as written below)
default_password
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I typed it as you wrote it with the underscore and no uppercase letters but it gives me Password Failed, Please Try Again
I actually made a quick search before posting and I tried this password before.. Another solution is to wipe data/factory reset but if possible I'd like just to re-install TWRP or remove the password somehow
you missed a step initially. after unlocking the bootloader, you MUST reboot first before flashing TWRP.
to fix this, you'll need to hit cancel at the password screen, then go into wipe and do a factory reset. next, go back into wipe and press the format data button. you have to type yes to continue.
this isnt a fun process, as you have to re-setup your device again, but you've just learned something.
xBeerdroiDx said:
you missed a step initially. after unlocking the bootloader, you MUST reboot first before flashing TWRP.
to fix this, you'll need to hit cancel at the password screen, then go into wipe and do a factory reset. next, go back into wipe and press the format data button. you have to type yes to continue.
this isnt a fun process, as you have to re-setup your device again, but you've just learned something.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I assumed he already did this, but in which case we have all been here at one point. I learned the hard way twice now...
kal eh said:
Hello, when I TWRP it asks for a password to decrypt data and if I don't input the password it won't let me access the emulated sdcard. I've never put any password though =/
Is there any way to restore twrp without flashing the stock image/wiping data?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No need to fear, Theskillfultroll is here! :good:
To fix your issue, download NEXUS ROOT TOOLKIT by WugFresh, after doing so, you need to open it up and choose your correct device (DO NOT MAKE A MISTAKE HERE OR ELSE YOU CAN BE HARD BRICKED) if you have already unlocked the OEM, then good for you, but what i wanna focus here is on the main window, right hand side* there is a button labeled 'FLASH STOCK + UNROOT' depending on your situation , if you are soft bricked select so, if not click device on. if soft bricked it will tell you what to do, and vice versa on other option, AFTERWARDS, attempt to stock flash and unroot, now if it fails godforbid, you have to go to options and ENABLE FORCE FLASH *WARNING IF YOU DID NOT CHOOSE CORRECT DEVICE AND YOU PICK THIS, YOU WILL BE HARD BRICKED* and go through with that. and bam done. i got in a soft loop when i accidentally flashed a boot.img over a rom which made my phone unusable . i had to go through with the soft bricked option AND force flash, it was scary but dont worry man! any more questions ? feel free to PM me
TheSkillfulTroll said:
No need to fear, Theskillfultroll is here! :good:
To fix your issue, download NEXUS ROOT TOOLKIT by WugFresh, after doing so, you need to open it up and choose your correct device (DO NOT MAKE A MISTAKE HERE OR ELSE YOU CAN BE HARD BRICKED) if you have already unlocked the OEM, then good for you, but what i wanna focus here is on the main window, right hand side* there is a button labeled 'FLASH STOCK + UNROOT' depending on your situation , if you are soft bricked select so, if not click device on. if soft bricked it will tell you what to do, and vice versa on other option, AFTERWARDS, attempt to stock flash and unroot, now if it fails godforbid, you have to go to options and ENABLE FORCE FLASH *WARNING IF YOU DID NOT CHOOSE CORRECT DEVICE AND YOU PICK THIS, YOU WILL BE HARD BRICKED* and go through with that. and bam done. i got in a soft loop when i accidentally flashed a boot.img over a rom which made my phone unusable . i had to go through with the soft bricked option AND force flash, it was scary but dont worry man! any more questions ? feel free to PM me
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
wow. seems like a whole lot of work and worry, especially when compared to simply performing 2 wipes in recovery to solve this problem. no extra software required.
OP, stay away from toolkits.
xBeerdroiDx said:
wow. seems like a whole lot of work and worry, especially when compared to simply performing 2 wipes in recovery to solve this problem. no extra software required.
OP, stay away from toolkits.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Op said he doesn't want to wipe data and he doesn't have access to recovery (I think) saw your post about manual flashing though, pretty good
Sent from my Nexus 6 using XDA Free mobile app
ok, so i have this same problem. i have tried the "default_password" thing and the steps in post #4. after performing steps in post #4 everything worked great. but for some reason weeks later the problem has returned. is it possible i'm tripping or could the problem have returned? i know it seems highly unlikely but...
i have also been advised to redo the entire root process, is that a viable option as well?
sinceg1 said:
ok, so i have this same problem. i have tried the "default_password" thing and the steps in post #4. after performing steps in post #4 everything worked great. but for some reason weeks later the problem has returned. is it possible i'm tripping or could the problem have returned? i know it seems highly unlikely but...
i have also been advised to redo the entire root process, is that a viable option as well?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
could be a twrp bug? are you on the latest version? you can try just updating the recovery, via fastboot or app(like flashify). if that doesnt work you can try wiping out the recovery partition(via fastboot) then reflashing the recovery.
yes i am on the current version via rashr app. i'm not sure how to wipe the recovery partition in fastboot....but it seems time i learn.
again, any thoughts to repeating the root process?
sinceg1 said:
yes i am on the current version via rashr app. i'm not sure how to wipe the recovery partition in fastboot....but it seems time i learn.
again, any thoughts to repeating the root process?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
why? all that is is flashing supersu or removing it? that had nothing to do with your recovery. you dont need root to have a custom recovery.
ok, so it seems the next thing to try is wipe recovery partition then reflash recovery. i'll begin looking into how to do that. thank you again.
Had this problem last night, if you have a pattern password try using this:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
I had an upper case L and it translated to 2589 and that's what unlocked it for me. Hope this helps someone
Ok, I was also asked for a password a couple of days ago for the first time ever, even though I had accessed TWRP several times before to flash roms, kernels etc so I don't think the reason was that I had forgotten to reboot after bootloader. In my case, I didn't even think of trying to enter any PWD so I selected "cancel" and from what I saw I thought my SD was wiped so I re-flashed stock from Bootloader and re-set the device, rather painfull (now I keep a nandroid backup). The thing is though, before I decided to flash stock I just tried exiting recovery and restarting the system and it wouldn't boot by any means. Just sat on the Google logo for ages heating up. And all this happened after a normal shutdown of the device, not after some fancy flashing/modding...
mclisme said:
Ok, I was also asked for a password a couple of days ago for the first time ever, even though I had accessed TWRP several times before to flash roms, kernels etc so I don't think the reason was that I had forgotten to reboot after bootloader. In my case, I didn't even think of trying to enter any PWD so I selected "cancel" and from what I saw I thought my SD was wiped so I re-flashed stock from Bootloader and re-set the device, rather painfull (now I keep a nandroid backup). The thing is though, before I decided to flash stock I just tried exiting recovery and restarting the system and it wouldn't boot by any means. Just sat on the Google logo for ages heating up. And all this happened after a normal shutdown of the device, not after some fancy flashing/modding...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Are you encrypted?
i was wondering if that made a matter. i didn't want to sound crazy mentioning it....yes, i am encrypted. do we believe that will make a matter?
sinceg1 said:
i was wondering if that made a matter. i didn't want to sound crazy mentioning it....yes, i am encrypted. do we believe that will make a matter?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Absolutely. If your storage is encrypted, TWRP cannot access it without you entering a password. If you don't enter the password, your storage would appear to be blank to recovery.
I personally prefer to wipe my entire device and keep a kernel that does not enforce encryption. Encryption (in my opinion) makes life difficult for rooted users.
seems to be the answer here. i have seen "how to's" on decrypting.... i will decrypt the device, will i have to do anything additional from that point? reflash recovery perhaps? sounds like it would be a good step, but i guess we won't know until i decrypt.
sinceg1 said:
seems to be the answer here. i have seen "how to's" on decrypting.... i will decrypt the device, will i have to do anything additional from that point? reflash recovery perhaps? sounds like it would be a good step, but i guess we won't know until i decrypt.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm new to the N6 so I am not sure about decrypting as a process. I just did a full wipe, flashed a kernel that doesnt force encryption .

Password doesn't always work.

My 4-digit password works just fine during normal use. But after upgrading to oxygenOS 5.0.1 (OTA) , I decided I wanted to revert back to nougat. So I load my backup in twrp and reboot, and it asks for my password rather than fingerprint to unlock screen because of reboot. And that's when my password is not recognized.
This is the only password Ive ever used for my phone so its definitely the right one. I can also see notifications and accept calls, it just won't unlock the screen. I also tried the default code for my simcard but even removing it doesnt make a difference.
Next, I restore my backup for 5.0.1. that I made prior to restoring nougat, and the same thing happens, password doesn't work. I had to do a factory reset to get my phone working again.
Still determined to get good old android 7 back, I install the original recovery as to upgrade from the oneplus website. And upon booting to recovery my password is once again not recognized.
I'm now back on twrp and have no problems with my passcode. But I think this is strange so maybe someone here has an idea about what's going on.
If you're restoring a backup, you have to remove gatekeeper.pattern (or password).key and locksettings.db, once removed it will work
I moved those files from data/system to data and it worked. Thank you very much!
I noticed this also removes the lock if you set it from another computer using the 'my devices' section of your google account. But it does not remove the lock notification, to do that you simply have to set a new password from your phone.
And that's how easy it is to "hack" an Android phone. Pretty sure you can do this using adb from the stock recovery. Maybe I will try it one day.
ast00 said:
And that's how easy it is to "hack" an Android phone. Pretty sure you can do this using adb from the stock recovery. Maybe I will try it one day.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
AFAIK stock recovery allows only sideloading via adb
przemcio510 said:
AFAIK stock recovery allows only sideloading via adb
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not sure about Oneplus, but we have a Prestigio tablet here and I managed to delete an entire partition from the stock recovery. Wipe data didn't help a bootloop so I actually wiped it for good.
I hope other manufacturers aren't that foolish, but I'm not sure they know better.

Pixel 4XL Stuck On "Pixel Is Starting"

My Pixel 4XL no longer boots to home screen...it will reboot fine but gets stuck on PIXEL IS STARTING.
I've tried safe mode and recovery modes but not 100% sure what to do.
I want to avoid factory reset as I want to get some physical media off of the phone first. I tried connecting to a PC and selected USB File Transfer but it never would mount the drive.
Can I get my media off of this without a factory reset or can a recovery/safe mode option work?
If you don't do any mod to your phone, I think press power button longer and force phone reboot. Your problem can be fixed !
garak0410 said:
My Pixel 4XL no longer boots to home screen...it will reboot fine but gets stuck on PIXEL IS STARTING.
I've tried safe mode and recovery modes but not 100% sure what to do.
I want to avoid factory reset as I want to get some physical media off of the phone first. I tried connecting to a PC and selected USB File Transfer but it never would mount the drive.
Can I get my media off of this without a factory reset or can a recovery/safe mode option work?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you are rooted try this...(assuming you installed some Magisk modules)
Once phone reboots and you are on PIXEL IS STARTING screen see if you can access settings via drop-down. If you can, go to Settings -> Apps -> Magisk. Once there you should have the option to open magisk. Once you open magisk go to the modules section and disable all the modules then reboot.
Try flash boot image magisk A core only
---------- Post added at 11:12 AM ---------- Previous post was at 11:11 AM ----------
Also try to flash sysytem, you have to make some change on Run all bat file. It will flash other partitions other than data
Once you've tried the us easier stuff as mentioned above or possibly following this post you can get it back by flashing the full image with the wipe removed. Your phone will come up like nothing happened other than if you were rooted it will be gone and you'll have to root again. There several guides you can reference if you're not familiar with the procedures.
krabman said:
Once you've tried the us easier stuff as mentioned above or possibly following this post you can get it back by flashing the full image with the wipe removed. Your phone will come up like nothing happened other than if you were rooted it will be gone and you'll have to root again. There several guides you can reference if you're not familiar with the procedures.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Agreed. Download the latest full image, modify the "flash-all.bat" file to remove the "-w" Then Boot the phone to fastboot and run the modified batch flash-all file, you should be good.
garak0410 said:
My Pixel 4XL no longer boots to home screen...it will reboot fine but gets stuck on PIXEL IS STARTING.
I've tried safe mode and recovery modes but not 100% sure what to do.
I want to avoid factory reset as I want to get some physical media off of the phone first. I tried connecting to a PC and selected USB File Transfer but it never would mount the drive.
Can I get my media off of this without a factory reset or can a recovery/safe mode option work?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Is you bootloader unlocked? If so, you can flash the factory image and remove the "-w" command as suggested above, but if your bootloader is not unlocked this will not be an option. If you are on a locked bootloader, you can sideload an OTA image (which really is a full factory image). This will not wipe your phone or do a factory reset. It will however replace your OS with a clean version. Hopefully that fixes the issue. If not, then you will have to do a factory reset in order to "clean out" the problem.

Categories

Resources