so I got a samsung galaxy s captivate SHG-I896 from rogers and I really want to root it, i have z4root installed, but im hesitating. because i dont want to brick my phone, i have had an apple device, jailbroke a bunch, no problems of brick but android is a whole different story, so i would appreciate a few pointers, sorry for posting such a noobish question
Not sure about the Rogers version, but with the 897, if anything goes wrong, ODIN will return it to factory.
I have the Rogers Captivate as well, I was a little hesitant before I did it too but myself and a bunch of my friends that have the phone have done it with no issues at all. Do the permanent root, if it freezes then just pull the battery, reboot and try again. It took me at least twice to root it but it's remarkably easy. If anything really major goes wrong you can always boot to recovery and wipe data but I seriously doubt you'll need to. I'm just speaking from experience so don't blame me if anything buggers it up but to be honest it's not as easy to brick it as you might think.
Just go for it.
just rooted it
i just rooted my captivate with z4root, can any one give me any like tips/warnings/shoulds/shouldnts
Should:
- Get Titanium Backup and batch backup everything. This app will make your life so much easier and hassle free.
- Also, just be careful and don't go crazy with installing stuff you don't know about. Do your due diligence before flashing anything or installing any app or lag fix. Figure out exactly how it's done before you do it. This might sound basic and common sense but from the short time I've been here I've seen a fair few people complain of bricking their phone just because they didn't follow directions that were pretty clear from the onset.
Enjoy!
how to flash
im looking around the forums so, i copied this from the darky rom post:
HOW TO FLASH
1. Place the ROM on the root of your SD card.
2. Backup your apps using Titanium Backup.
3. Open ROM Manager (Downloadable from the market)
4. Choose "Install ROM from SD card". If after you flash and you have problems like force closes and you can't receive calls, wipe data/cache.
5. Let the phone sit for 5-10 minutes after booting.
6. Have fun!
is that all u have to do? no holding buttons and booting into some menu?
also will these roms work for 2.1 rogers version captivate? Because i checked on the wiki for the captivate rogers version and it said something about "optionally change the model in the update-script from SGH-i897 to SGH-i896"
I'm not the best person to ask about this unfortunately but from what I've read this is definitely one way to flash a new rom. Whether you're currently on 2.1 seems to be irrelevant as the rom will act as your new version of Android as it were.
A few things I've read, make sure you have access to both recovery and download modes, if anything happens you'll probably need to flash back with Odin so learn more about that before you proceed.
Best to start here: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=884364
And finish by reading the remaining stickies and make sure of any special instructions for whatever rom you want to install.
I haven't flashed because, and this sounds strange, I don't actually have access to a computer at my house so I can't use Odin as easily to fix any issues that might occur so I haven't tried yet.
I'll step out and let someone else handle your flashing questions.
If you read the Q&A sticky it would've answered your questions.
Related
1) Is it possible to brick while rooting? (my guess is if a file is corrupt or you type something incorrectly it would)
2)Possible while flashing?
3) Has anyone ever bricked their hero?
just use the auto rooter in fresh's kitchen, its basically two clicks and your done, and use the search functionhttp://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=606172
and to answer your question ive never seen it done but guess its possible
Haha, no no I already did all this jazz, I was just wondering
1. Not likely
2. Yes, but nandroid backup will save you.
3. Stay in the CDMA section, don't wander through te Hero section, and you should be ok.
Just don't get click happy
the only way that people seem to have bricked their heros is if they try to flash the Radio or a GSM ROM. just be sure that you download your rom from this section of the site, CDMA Hero
In fact, I'd recommend you start with FRESH 1.1, found at www.geekfor.me . it's what I use and it's great.
+1 for Fresh ROM 1.1 Also, flash gbhil's Gumbo Kernel to your phone. You'll notice a disgusting increase in speed (and less lag) from your phone.
ive never seen it done but I guess its possible. always do a nandroid ( saved my ass a few times)
and in theory if you **** up with a nandroid backup then you can even wipe to stock, correct?
I'll get back to you about bricking a Hero after I've finished trying some overclocking options in the kernel
@gbhil,
hahaha.
"OH MY GOD THIS IS LIGHTNING FAST"
"Wait, whats the sizziling sound?"
gbhil said:
I'll get back to you about bricking a Hero after I've finished trying some overclocking options in the kernel
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
send me the good stuff I've got the black tie protection plan at best buy... if I do manage to brick most likely sprit will hook me up if not then best buy will
duplicate post, sorry.
1. As long as you study up on how to root the phone you will have no problems. Flip has a kitchen that you can download and it will root your phone automatically and decrease the odds of you messing up the process. Look for it in one of the stickies.
2. Installing ROMS for the CDMA Hero won't brick the phone. Just be sure to download the CDMA only ROMS as people have bricked their phones by downloading the GSM ROMS.
3. There have been a few people who have bricked their phones due to flashing the wrong ROM (GSM). If you download CDMA ROMs you won't have any problem.
Remember to do a Nandroid backup right after rooting your phone so you can always return to state if you have problems down the road, particulary associated with Beta ROMs if you chose to install them.
**Edit** LOL, I started the reply just after the thread started and stopped to make something to eat. Come back to send the reply and find it on page 2. lol
Okay, I'm really on the fence here. I've got ADB working, I've read the warnings, I've flashed my previous WinMo phones about a hundred times. I am also getting annoyed at the missing market apps and the incredibly awful 3G uplink speed of the 2.2 test build in my area. My phone looks in no way shape or form likely to crap out, needing the warranty. So the round is in the chamber, hammer is cocked, finger is on the trigger.
Only thing holding me back is the idea of the official 2.2 update coming out tomorrow (or really any point in the first half of the week), and having to reverse everything I did (unlocking aside, I get that it's permanent, for now at least). Which all revolves around extra work. I'm not looking to flash other ROM's at the moment, just get access to tweak a few things.
So...3 questions
1) Since I'm just going to root the stock ROM, and edit a few things in build.prop, do I need to disable the online app and info backup? I'm 99% sure I read somewhere that unlocking the bootloader wipes the phone, but that's not a concern as I could just let the thing boot after unlocking it and pull my info from the cloud. This is for AFTER I root (though if you're responding, you probably already know that).
2) Any way to backup a complete system image, so that I can revert to that when the official 2.2 comes out?
3) Which SU/Rooting method do you, the knowledgable and expert [insert additional groveling] reader, suggest for FRF50? I've seen Cyanogen's and the one on Modaco ( http://android.modaco.com/content/g...-erd79-frf50-superboot-rooting-the-nexus-one/ ) I'm guessing this is a "doesn't matter," but I figure why not ask.
Was this the wrong section for this kind of thing?
I'm no expert, just have had my n1 for a couple of weeks but:
1. Can't help you there, no idea, sorry.
2. nandroid backup.
3. I've read a lot about this and I'd go with Cyan's method and amon_ra's recovery. It seems like they do the job well. Plus if you search around, you'll see instructions on going back to stock recovery from amon_ra's, but I'm not sure about the other recovery image (or whether it would be the exact same procedure)
1. I really don't understand the struggle here. Why you would want to disable app backup in the first place? It's not like Google is persecuting people who unlock bootloaders that they might cut you off if they see you're rooted. Just leave it running so you don't have to install everything manually. Unlocking does wipe everything, so it'll be convenient.
2. Well yeah... Make a nandroid the way your phone is now and go back to it whenever you like. And if you like, you can restore just the system.img from fastboot.
3. I prefer the cyan method with .34 kernel. There were some people complaining that Froyo was really slow for them, but I haven't noticed that at all.
^
1) Was because of things I've read, that if you do X, you should turn off backup syncing to keep from screwing things up. I certainly have no desire to turn it off. I love it.
2)Thanks.
3) Thanks
EDIT: Done. That was stupid-fast. From installing the fastboot drivers to installing SU was 90 seconds. Add 20 more for AmonRa's recovery.
Titanium backup installed.
build.prop edited to allow protected apps and fixes to the missing ril info.
Glad it turned out okay!
I'm so glad to be rid of Twitter!
Thanks you for your input.
Hi all, I hope you're not all tired of another noob posting up how-to questions. I come from a pretty solid background of writing modified firmware packages Motorola and Blackberry units, and writing custom themes for them both, so I am a bit familiar with the processes involved in rooting. Android is an entirely new beast though. I love it already, but I've also identified some things I'd love to be able to change. I've been reading everything I can in these forums for the past week, and I think I might be nearly ready to start diving into the root world. Yes, I've used the search a LOT Before I do root though, I wonder if you all might be able to add some insight into a few questions I haven't found the answers to thus far:
My rooting goals: remove the AT&T bloatware, possibly do a lag fix, and above all, do it the safest way possible. Baby steps first for me.
1) Rooting methods: Should I do the manual way, I found in that pdf guide on this site, the "GalaxyS_One-Click_Root_All_Models.zip" method, the mystery "update.zip" folder method, or the "one click root lag fix" method? Which is the safest and most tried and true for Stock 2.1 f/w, Baseband I897UCJH7? Also, what would be the best method to use if I wanted later to unroot?
2) Lag fixes: I've read that lag fixes can cause major problems when trying to undo them later on. Is there a lag fix that works well that is safer than others to load that can be removed easily? Are lag fixes even worth it?
3) Odin3: Am I correct in assuming that since I have JH7 that the most recent version of Odin is not capable of fully restoring my phone back to stock? I've been seeing posts from many people say that even using Odin, their phones get stuck during the revert process and cannot get back to stock. This is probably my biggest concern of all, in case I brick my phone. I've done that a LOT of times with Motorolas, and it's not a bit of fun trying to restore them.
Thanks very much in advance. Best wishes to all
The first piece of advice I have is make sure you have a cappi that you can get into recovery and download modes via the button combinations - if you can do this then you will be able to recover to a working configuration from just about any situation.
second, make sure you want to do this, because as you can get back to a "stock configuration" once you begin applying lag fixes or custom roms you will not likely be ever able to get back to your own stock configuration.
As for which rooting method - I have used and update zip and ryanza OCLF to root. Both of these methods are easy to unroot - at least until you begin applying lag fixes and/or custom roms.
If you are sure you want to move forward and root the very first thing you should do after rooting before you do any lag fixes or remove any bloat is get clockwork rom manager. Learn how to use rom manager and make a full nandroid backup of your phone before you do anything. If you have a good nandroid backup saved in a safe location then you can use this to get back as close as possible as you can to your own stock configuration later on.
Oden3 will get you back to a stock jf6 configuration. This will not be your stock configuration, but it is a working stock configuration.
Lag fixes do improve the lag in the file system some. However, before you play with any of them educate yourself as much as you can about the particular one you are going to try and use. I have applied both OCLF and voodoo and have been able to remove both of them. But if you don't follow the steps correctly you can have problems - after all with the lag fixes you are reformatting part or all of your data partition where the os is residing which is inherently risky. You can easily lose data and even soft brick your phone forcing you to use Oden3 to get back to a working state.
Lastly, I am running Cognition 2.2 beta 5 very successfully - and I do recommend it for anyone that has entered the rabbit hole of modifying this phone. And with my current config my phone is running so well that the lag fix is not needed for me anyway. My phone is running smooth and fast.
P.S. Just make sure you are not going to have any major regrets if things go wrong before you do anything at all, because any and all of these steps have some amount of risk associated with them. Make sure you are prepared for dealing with voiding your warranty and even though it is hard to brick this phone, it could still happen so be ready for that too should it happen.
i would agree, go with cognition 2.2. i only had my captivate for a day, and found it very easy to get it installed without any hassle.
Thanks for the info all. I've read about Cognition a fair bit and was wondering if I ought to go for it. What are the differences between it and the standrd Froyo leak?
A more pressing question: If I went to Cognition 2.2, would I be able to easily get the official release OTA and install it normally when/if it becomes available? Are there step-by-step guides out there for getting that release onto and off of the phone? I'd hate to get Cognition on there and find out that i couldn't easily get it back to a state where I could get the full deal on there. I've read some horror stories about just that lately...
charging rhinos said:
Thanks for the info all. I've read about Cognition a fair bit and was wondering if I ought to go for it. What are the differences between it and the standrd Froyo leak?
A more pressing question: If I went to Cognition 2.2, would I be able to easily get the official release OTA and install it normally when/if it becomes available? Are there step-by-step guides out there for getting that release onto and off of the phone? I'd hate to get Cognition on there and find out that i couldn't easily get it back to a state where I could get the full deal on there. I've read some horror stories about just that lately...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you are wanting to get OTA updates then I wouldn't even root your phone - while it is possible to still get OTA's after rooting, once you begin modding (lag fix, or custom rom) you oare increasing making your phone less and les compatible with any OTA available.
NOTE: I personally will not ever apply an OTA myself - but rather will wait for someone else to create a custom mod of any OTA feature I like - them donate that dev a few dollars and use their mod.
Im getting my cap this Friday, I was going to post the same thing OP. Looks like cog 2.2 is the way to go when i get it.
Got my phone (AT&T Captivate, firmware 2.1-update1 version JH7, kernel 2.6.29, build eclair.UCJH7) on december 28 from a AT&T store (it even came with a pic taken december 20 ) and I've already been able to boot into download mode (power off, hold volume keys then plug usb) and into that menu used to install packages (power off, hold volume keys then power on). Guess my hardware and firmware are ok, so I may be able to recover my phone by myself in case things go south.
I've been doing my homework lately (been reading stickys, tutorials and faqs for 10 days) but I'm still confused about some procedures. I'm not going to list everything I've read here, but I would like someone to correct me if I've learnt wrong. I don't really need the easiest methods, I want to understand the options available and to choose the best ones (aka the hardest path).
First of all, it seems I need to root my phone in order to be able to create backups, carrier-unlock it and flash custom roms. But it doesn't make much sense to me, since rooting it seem to be enough to prevent it from receiving FOTA updates - and I want to make the most comprehensive backup possible, in such a way I could restore my phone to 'factory condition' if needed.
Second, I realize there are many ways, programs and guides to root the phone - the most famous ones, One-Click root/unroot and z4root, seem to be listed in the wiki (http://forum.xda-developers.com/wiki/index.php?title=Samsung_Galaxy_S/SGH-I897), but there is also CLShortFuse's One-Click Root and Allow Non-Market Apps, which sounds interesting but I don't know if it is undo-able. So there are different ways to root the phone, but there is little to none information on what's the difference between these methods, which is 'better' and what difference does it make if I root it permanently or by some reversible method. Does it affect performance? How each of them work? I have no clue.
The mess gets even greater when it comes to creating backups. People mention different programs to make these backups (clockwork recovery, titanium backup) but I don't understand if they back up different parts of the phone. Some even seem to change the bootloader of the phone - shouldn't it be backed up prior to any modification? Do I flash these backups using Odin? Which programs should I use to have a full backup? Is there anything left I should back up manually?
I'll quit talking for now because I've already written a lot and I still have many questions; if I write all of them at once, no one will ever have the patience to read them.
Erk, a long post deserves a long answer
So first off, il tell you about recovering your phone. Since you just got it, you can go back to the store and play dumb to get a new one in case anything goes wrong. You can also use the 3 button combos to get into download mode and use odins back to stock to get back to your original 2.1 eclair firmware . To do that you would need to get into download mode. Now there are a couple ways to do this, and i can only explain two since ive actually used two. (Well 3 actually, but il get to the third after these 2)
The first method is using the 3 button combo which you should already know. The second method is using adb commands such as (adb shell, adb reboot download, adb reboot recovery, adb devices). The third way is building a jig. Thats basically connecting 301k 1/4 watt worth of resistors together and placing them on pin 4 and 5 on your micro usb slot. You can read more about that on the tutorial on how to build a jig for your phone.
To restore to your factory setting, odin's one click back to stock thing should do the job. It simple installs the stock 2.1 eclair all over again (without the root).
To root your phone, any method from the wiki should work. None of them are really "better" :S, they all do the same job and give you super user permissions. None of them root your permanently since you can always go back to stock using Odin's... It does not really affect performance, not to any extent i have noticed :S, and unfortunately, i dont really know how it works.
As for creating backups, Titanium Backup is the best solution. Whether you have the few extra bucks to spend for the premium one or simply want to use the free one, its one of the best tools out there. I personally use it and its one of the best. It backs up all the data (except for my text messages). It creates a folder on your internal memory which you can just copy to your desktop. When the time comes that you need to restore your backup, just copy the folder back into your internal memory, load up titanium backup. Restore it and voila .
I think ive answered everything, if ive missed anything, let me know
Edit : Forgot to mention this . If your truly interested in customization. Custom roms are the best there is a howto in the themes and apps section on how to install it. It comes pre-rooted (if that is the word to use :S) and theyre much better than the stock firmware. Im currently using serendipity v3.0 (flashed it yesterday)
supaphreek, guess I'll have to thank you twice: once for reading my enormous post, and again for you supacompleteanswer.
I'm being paranoid with recovery because I actually bought the phone in the US then came back to my country (Brazil), so I'm a few thousand miles away from the simple lets-return-this-thing solution.
From everything I've read, I believe the most instructive were the wiki at http://forum.xda-developers.com/wiki/index.php?title=Samsung_Galaxy_S/SGH-I897 , the FAQ at http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=858765 , the PDF guide from user nbs11 at http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=761819 and the wiki at http://www.capfaq.com/w/FAQ. These contain most of the info a newbie user would ever need and I'd definitely recommend them to any newbie user who happen to be reading this. And for everyone afraid of bricking, it's a tremendous relief to know pretty much any mess you do can be reverted using download mode and Odin, so the first thing to test is if you can get into download mode using one of the ways described by our buddy supaphreek.
On the rooting matter, I found no discussion at all about which is better, so they should be pretty similar (though I have no idea which is the oldest version, I'd assume the recent ones might be a little improved). There is some discussion on what's the better lagfix and many of the cooked ROMs already come with some lagfix installed, but this is another story...
Once I get my phone rooted, it seems to be trivial to carrier-unlock it. There's even an app on android market for this, so I won't even need sideloading. Since all this procedure does is just give me a number, there's hardly any difference among all the unlocking procedures out there.
For the backup, I'll still do it using both titanium and clockwork, as suggested by nbs11 on the pdf I've linked on this post. Better safe than sorry, right?
And yes, I'm truly interested in customization and I'll go deep down that path, I'm just packing up my head with some knowledge to avoid being desperate if things eventually go fubar.
As a last question, is there somewhere I can get 1-click Odin with my exact firmware version? (2.1-update1, I897UCJH7, Kernel 2.6.29 [email protected] #2, build eclair.ucjh7) And how important is it to get the exact same firmware?
As I've done my research, I found 1-click odin with JF6 here: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=731989
I've also found the 'standalone' I897UCJH7 on this topic (where this guy even flashed succesfully his phone using old JH2 firmware without problems, so finding the exact firmware version might not be the greatest issue): http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=10056254&postcount=36 but this process is a bit more complicated and uses regular Odin and clockwork recovery. Nonetheless, from what I've understood, I can still use any old version of odin to flash JF6 then use my own clockwork backup, right?
Hmm, unfortunately, im not sure if there is a specific Odin for that firmware :S. However what you can do is use one that reverts you to any stock version, and then flash the version you want through clockwork mod
I'll do that. Thanks again!
Also if you one click to stock, you can OTA update to the most recent firnware. I suggest titanium premium if you are going to flash a lot of custom roms, it is a lot faster to restore and also syncs with dropbox
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I897 using XDA App
Be careful trying to flash with odin. Some newer builds get instabrick flashing back to jf6 and must go with jh2 or newer.
So, you may want to invest a few bucks in a jig setup before blindly using odin.
Thanks for the tip, sixstringsg.
Newter55, as my phone is brand new I believe I may have one of these insta-brickable devices. If I happen to try flashing it with a recent rom, does it get recoverably bricked (fixed by flashing an older rom), or I'm left with a $500 paperweight?
You just need to use the correct firmware version of odin if you manage to get in trouble. Many people flash rom over rom, including myself, but it is highly likely that at some point you will need odin if you are flashing roms so it is best to ensure that you have that set up first. Look for the odin thread by c3popl (sp?) in development forum and you should find what you need. Read through that and look for others with your base firmware. Or look through q&a at the "help I bricked" threads . On my phone and posting links is a pita or I would make it easy for you.
If your phone came with JH7, follow this guide:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=10056254&postcount=36
If you use one of the Odin one-clicks and brick your phone, you'll need a USB jig to recover.
You guys are awesome. Thank you newter55 and GGXtreme for this info! I hope I'll never need it, but I'll buy a cable and make a jig.
The news: I've rooted my phone using One Click Root / Unroot by TGA_Gunnman (for the record: it worked with my JH7 Captivate bought in 28 dec). Once I booted windows, installed dotnet framework 4 and the samsung drivers (easy too, but a pita), rooting was easy and failproof. However, someone using linux might find it easier to just download 1-click root, find the root.zip file in there, rename it as update.zip, put the zip in the internal sdcard, boot the phone holding the volume buttons and then 'install packages'. This way there will be no need to fight Wine nor install anything nor look for a windows computer with admin privileges.
Also unlocked my phone using SGS Unlock Tool, available in the Android Market. The unrooted option won't work, but once rooted it worked like a champ. Next step: I'll do the backups, and then... start messing up my new toy!
Hi guys.
I want to get into rom flashing, but to be honest I find it rather confusing to say the least.
It would appear that ROM manager seems to be the easiest way to flash my phone correct?
Am I right in saying that all I need to do is download whichever rom I wish to install, rename it to "install .zip", put this file on the internal SD (not quite sure where exactly), then use ROM manager to flash, then it's done?
Is this the safest way of doing a flash?
Sorry for the noob questions.
You shud read your previous post dude
Sent from my GT-I9000 using XDA
Omarjivraj said:
You shud read your previous post dude
Sent from my GT-I9000 using XDA
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks mate. I did, but I'm interested in trying other roms other than 2.3.6.
Darren K said:
Hi guys.
I want to get into rom flashing, but to be honest I find it rather confusing to say the least.
It would appear that ROM manager seems to be the easiest way to flash my phone correct?
Am I right in saying that all I need to do is download whichever rom I wish to install, rename it to "install .zip", put this file on the internal SD (not quite sure where exactly), then use ROM manager to flash, then it's done?
Is this the safest way of doing a flash?
Sorry for the noob questions.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I thought ROM manager took all that out of it. All you need to do is make sure your on latest CWM (which is does for you before you can download, i believe) and then you pick your download. Once it finishes it asks you whether you want to install and it does it all for you...
There is no "safe" way to flash. Something can always go wrong. I advise you follow the directions on the threads of your chosen rom. That way you can learn of the current bugs, the best way to flash based on your current situation (GB, Stock, another ICS etc) and what you may need to do before hand e.g. wipe/factory reset
If you have any questions on a particular installation method search the forum and the thread. If you cant find it then ask within the thread of your chosen rom.
Usually if its another rom i believe the best thing to do is wipe/factory reset from recovery menu and then choose zip from sd card. (But you still shoud read the first 2 pages and last 3 pages of the thread)
Talon26 said:
I thought ROM manager took all that out of it. All you need to do is make sure your on latest CWM (which is does for you before you can download, i believe) and then you pick your download. Once it finishes it asks you whether you want to install and it does it all for you...
There is no "safe" way to flash. Something can always go wrong. I advise you follow the directions on the threads of your chosen rom. That way you can learn of the current bugs, the best way to flash based on your current situation (GB, Stock, another ICS etc) and what you may need to do before hand e.g. wipe/factory reset
If you have any questions on a particular installation method search the forum and the thread. If you cant find it then ask within the thread of your chosen rom.
Usually if its another rom i believe the best thing to do is wipe/factory reset from recovery menu and then choose zip from sd card. (But you still shoud read the first 2 pages and last 3 pages of the thread)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What is the CWM, and why do I need that?
CWM = colockworkmod. Its basically the a new recovery menu that gives you more freedom to what you can do whilst in the menu. You have it on non-rooted devices (stock firmware/samsung firmware) but as i said it provides more freedom. I believe almost every rom uses a version of it, either adapted or not.
Im not sure you will be able to use ROM manager on a device that is not yet rooted (rooted means you have administrative privileges like in windows). You will need root access as you will be changing the system files which if done incorrectly will cause something to go wrong. Which is why you wish to use ROM manager. TBH is very hard to do something wrong with the SGS and not be able to come back from it to have a fully capable phone again.
Don't rush into anything though. Don't root or flash anything without knowing the risks and what could happen, and in-turn what needs to be done to correct it. If you know this then usually you will understand what went wrong and how to fix it.
Sorry for leaving all these long messages, just trying to be clear